diff --git a/src/client/javascripts/debounce-click.js b/src/client/javascripts/debounce-click.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d062366a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/client/javascripts/debounce-click.js
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/** How long (ms) a button stays locked after the first click. */
+const DEBOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS = 10_000
+
+/**
+ * Shared debounce logic used by both the click and keydown handlers.
+ * @param {Event} event
+ */
+function handleActivation(event) {
+  const button = /** @type {HTMLButtonElement} */ (event.currentTarget)
+
+  if (button.dataset.debouncing === 'true') {
+    event.preventDefault()
+    event.stopImmediatePropagation()
+    return
+  }
+
+  button.dataset.debouncing = 'true'
+
+  setTimeout(() => {
+    delete button.dataset.debouncing
+  }, DEBOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Click handler that prevents a button from being activated more than once
+ * within {@link DEBOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS}.
+ * @param {MouseEvent} event
+ */
+function handleButtonClick(event) {
+  handleActivation(event)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Keydown handler that prevents a button from being activated more than once
+ * within {@link DEBOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS} when submitted via Enter or Space.
+ * @param {KeyboardEvent} event
+ */
+function handleButtonKeydown(event) {
+  if (event.key === 'Enter' || event.key === ' ') {
+    handleActivation(event)
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Attaches {@link handleButtonClick} to every button that carries the
+ * `prevent-multiple-clicks` CSS class so that double-submissions are blocked
+ * across the page.
+ *
+ * Safe to call multiple times — adding the same listener twice on a given
+ * element has no effect (the browser deduplicates identical listener/options
+ * pairs).
+ */
+export function initDebounceClick() {
+  const buttons = /** @type {NodeListOf<HTMLButtonElement>} */ (
+    document.querySelectorAll('.prevent-multiple-clicks')
+  )
+
+  for (const button of buttons) {
+    button.addEventListener('click', handleButtonClick)
+    button.addEventListener('keydown', handleButtonKeydown)
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/client/javascripts/debounce-click.test.js b/src/client/javascripts/debounce-click.test.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2d99eb38c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/client/javascripts/debounce-click.test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+import { initDebounceClick } from '~/src/client/javascripts/debounce-click.js'
+
+const DEBOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS = 10_000
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} [extraClasses]
+ * @returns {HTMLButtonElement}
+ */
+function makeButton(extraClasses = '') {
+  const button = document.createElement('button')
+  button.className = `prevent-multiple-clicks ${extraClasses}`.trim()
+  document.body.appendChild(button)
+  return button
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {HTMLButtonElement} button
+ * @returns {MouseEvent}
+ */
+function click(button) {
+  const event = new MouseEvent('click', { bubbles: true, cancelable: true })
+  button.dispatchEvent(event)
+  return event
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {HTMLButtonElement} button
+ * @param {string} key
+ * @returns {KeyboardEvent}
+ */
+function keydown(button, key) {
+  const event = new KeyboardEvent('keydown', {
+    key,
+    bubbles: true,
+    cancelable: true
+  })
+  button.dispatchEvent(event)
+  return event
+}
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  document.body.innerHTML = ''
+})
+
+describe('initDebounceClick', () => {
+  it('attaches a click listener to every .prevent-multiple-clicks button', () => {
+    const b1 = makeButton()
+    const b2 = makeButton()
+    const spy1 = jest.fn()
+    const spy2 = jest.fn()
+    b1.addEventListener('click', spy1)
+    b2.addEventListener('click', spy2)
+
+    initDebounceClick()
+
+    click(b1)
+    click(b2)
+
+    expect(spy1).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    expect(spy2).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+  })
+
+  it('does not attach to buttons that lack the class', () => {
+    const plain = document.createElement('button')
+    document.body.appendChild(plain)
+    const spy = jest.fn()
+    plain.addEventListener('click', spy)
+
+    initDebounceClick()
+    click(plain)
+
+    // Listener still runs — debounce was never applied
+    expect(plain.dataset.debouncing).toBeUndefined()
+  })
+})
+
+describe('handleButtonClick (via initDebounceClick)', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    jest.useFakeTimers()
+  })
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    jest.useRealTimers()
+  })
+
+  it('sets data-debouncing="true" on the first click', () => {
+    const button = makeButton()
+    initDebounceClick()
+
+    click(button)
+
+    expect(button.dataset.debouncing).toBe('true')
+  })
+
+  it('allows a second click after the debounce timeout expires', () => {
+    const button = makeButton()
+    const spy = jest.fn()
+    button.addEventListener('click', spy)
+    initDebounceClick()
+
+    click(button)
+    jest.advanceTimersByTime(DEBOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS)
+    click(button)
+
+    expect(button.dataset.debouncing).toBe('true')
+    expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2)
+  })
+
+  it('removes data-debouncing after the timeout', () => {
+    const button = makeButton()
+    initDebounceClick()
+
+    click(button)
+    expect(button.dataset.debouncing).toBe('true')
+
+    jest.advanceTimersByTime(DEBOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS)
+    expect(button.dataset.debouncing).toBeUndefined()
+  })
+
+  it('prevents the default action on a duplicate click', () => {
+    const button = makeButton()
+    initDebounceClick()
+    click(button)
+
+    const duplicate = new MouseEvent('click', {
+      bubbles: true,
+      cancelable: true
+    })
+    button.dispatchEvent(duplicate)
+
+    expect(duplicate.defaultPrevented).toBe(true)
+  })
+
+  it('stops immediate propagation on a duplicate click', () => {
+    const button = makeButton()
+    initDebounceClick()
+    click(button)
+
+    const subsequent = jest.fn()
+    button.addEventListener('click', subsequent)
+
+    click(button)
+
+    expect(subsequent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('does not fire listeners registered after the handler for a click within the timeout window', () => {
+    const button = makeButton()
+    initDebounceClick()
+    // Registered after initDebounceClick so the debounce handler runs first and
+    // can call stopImmediatePropagation before this listener is reached.
+    const spy = jest.fn()
+    button.addEventListener('click', spy)
+
+    click(button)
+    jest.advanceTimersByTime(DEBOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS - 1)
+    click(button)
+
+    // First click let through, second is still within the window — spy blocked
+    expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+  })
+})
+
+describe('handleButtonKeydown (via initDebounceClick)', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    jest.useFakeTimers()
+  })
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    jest.useRealTimers()
+  })
+
+  it('sets data-debouncing="true" on Enter', () => {
+    const button = makeButton()
+    initDebounceClick()
+
+    keydown(button, 'Enter')
+
+    expect(button.dataset.debouncing).toBe('true')
+  })
+
+  it('sets data-debouncing="true" on Space', () => {
+    const button = makeButton()
+    initDebounceClick()
+
+    keydown(button, ' ')
+
+    expect(button.dataset.debouncing).toBe('true')
+  })
+
+  it('ignores keys other than Enter and Space', () => {
+    const button = makeButton()
+    initDebounceClick()
+
+    keydown(button, 'Tab')
+
+    expect(button.dataset.debouncing).toBeUndefined()
+  })
+
+  it('prevents default on a duplicate Enter keydown', () => {
+    const button = makeButton()
+    initDebounceClick()
+    keydown(button, 'Enter')
+
+    const duplicate = keydown(button, 'Enter')
+
+    expect(duplicate.defaultPrevented).toBe(true)
+  })
+
+  it('stops immediate propagation on a duplicate keydown within the timeout window', () => {
+    const button = makeButton()
+    initDebounceClick()
+    keydown(button, 'Enter')
+
+    const spy = jest.fn()
+    button.addEventListener('keydown', spy)
+    keydown(button, 'Enter')
+
+    expect(spy).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('allows a second keydown after the debounce timeout expires', () => {
+    const button = makeButton()
+    const spy = jest.fn()
+    button.addEventListener('keydown', spy)
+    initDebounceClick()
+
+    keydown(button, 'Enter')
+    jest.advanceTimersByTime(DEBOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS)
+    keydown(button, 'Enter')
+
+    expect(button.dataset.debouncing).toBe('true')
+    expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2)
+  })
+})
diff --git a/src/client/javascripts/shared.js b/src/client/javascripts/shared.js
index 5056966d1..02729e818 100644
--- a/src/client/javascripts/shared.js
+++ b/src/client/javascripts/shared.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { initAllAutocomplete as initAllAutocompleteImp } from '~/src/client/javascripts/autocomplete.js'
+import { initDebounceClick as initDebounceClickImp } from '~/src/client/javascripts/debounce-click.js'
 import { initFileUpload as initFileUploadImp } from '~/src/client/javascripts/file-upload.js'
 import { initAllGovuk as initAllGovukImp } from '~/src/client/javascripts/govuk.js'
 import { initPreviewCloseLink as initPreviewCloseLinkImp } from '~/src/client/javascripts/preview-close-link.js'
@@ -8,6 +9,7 @@ export * as geospatialMap from '~/src/client/javascripts/geospatial-map.js'
 
 export const initAllGovuk = initAllGovukImp
 export const initAllAutocomplete = initAllAutocompleteImp
+export const initDebounceClick = initDebounceClickImp
 export const initFileUpload = initFileUploadImp
 export const initPreviewCloseLink = initPreviewCloseLinkImp
 
@@ -17,6 +19,7 @@ export const initPreviewCloseLink = initPreviewCloseLinkImp
 export function initAll() {
   initAllGovuk()
   initAllAutocomplete()
+  initDebounceClick()
   initFileUpload()
   initPreviewCloseLink()
 }
diff --git a/src/server/plugins/engine/views/summary.html b/src/server/plugins/engine/views/summary.html
index 0f01e2bac..17f031683 100644
--- a/src/server/plugins/engine/views/summary.html
+++ b/src/server/plugins/engine/views/summary.html
@@ -75,11 +75,15 @@ <h2 class="govuk-heading-m" id="declaration">Declaration</h2>
           {% set isDeclaration = declaration or components | length %}
           {% set paymentPending = paymentRequired and not paymentState %}
 
+          {# The prevent-multiple-clicks CSS class wires up to debounce-click.js to disable the button for 10s.
+              For those with JS enabled, it will help prevent multiple submissions when a large form is taking a while to submit.
+              When a better fix is implemented, this class can be removed and preventDoubleClick should be set back to true. #}
           {{ govukButton({
             text: "Pay and submit" if paymentPending else ("Accept and submit" if isDeclaration else "Submit"),
+            classes: "prevent-multiple-clicks",
             name: "action",
             value: "send",
-            preventDoubleClick: true
+            preventDoubleClick: false
           }) }}
 
           {% if allowSaveAndExit %}