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Update China Diplomacy project with full content and metadata
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title: "Speaking as Barometer: How Chinese Diplomats' Words Reflect the Sino-American Relationship"
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summary: "Sentiment and Word Cloud analysis of Chinese Foreign Ministry briefings (2002–2022)."
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summary: "A data-driven journalism project analyzing 20 years of Chinese Foreign Ministry press conferences using Sentiment Analysis in R."
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tags:
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- NLP
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- Sentiment Analysis
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- R
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- Political Economy
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- China Studies
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date: "2023-01-15T00:00:00Z"
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# Links
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links:
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- name: Original Blog
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url: https://pwiweb.uzh.ch/wordpress/blog/2023/08/21/speaking-as-barometer-how-chinese-diplomats-words-reflect-the-sino-american-relationship/
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icon_pack: fas
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icon: globe
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- name: R Code
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url: https://github.com/LinyingL/Datenjournalismus/blob/main/DDJ2.R
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icon_pack: fab
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icon: github
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image:
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caption: Word Cloud Visualization
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caption: "Word Cloud Analysis"
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focal_point: Smart
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---
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This project applied dictionary-based **Sentiment Analysis** to two decades of Chinese Foreign Ministry press briefings focused on "America".
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*Originally published as a featured blog post at IPZ/UZH.*
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### Overview
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From trade to human rights, the superpowers are battling on almost all topics since Trump. Through **sentimental analysis** of Chinese Foreign Ministry spokespersons‘ responses on U.S. topics from **2002 to 2022**, this project observes the changing dynamics of the world's most important bilateral relations.
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### Methodology
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- **Dataset**: Ministry of Foreign Affairs Press Conferences Corpus (2002-2022).
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- **Tools**: Analyzed in **R** using the `quanteda` and `zoo` packages.
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- **Sentiment Scoring**: Used the Bing dictionary (Liu & Hu, 2004) and the formula: $sentiment = log((positive + 0.5)/(negative + 0.5))$.
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- **Visualisation**: Interactive plots generated via `Plotly` and Word Clouds for key diplomatic crises.
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### Key Methods:
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- **Sentiment Analysis**: Tracking emotional tones across different diplomatic eras.
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- **Data Visualization**: Created **Word Clouds** to highlight key terms during the Trade Conflict and North Korean Nuclear Crisis.
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- **Impact**: Published as a featured blog post on the department's website.
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### Key Findings
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1. **The Era of Constructive Cooperation (2002-2016)**: Diplomatic language remained largely positive, peaking during events like the 2008 Beijing Olympics, despite occasional friction over trade and regional security.
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2. **The Shift to Strategic Competition (2017-2022)**: A sharp decline in sentiment following the 2018 Trade War and the COVID-19 pandemic.
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3. **The "Wolf Warrior" Turn**: Notable shifts in rhetoric style under different spokespersons (e.g., Zhao Lijian), reflecting a more confrontational diplomatic stance.
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> "The human language contains personal attitudes and sentiments. In the diplomatic field, these are often suppressed, but press conferences reveal genuine emotions through on-the-spot reactions."
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*For the full interactive experience and detailed data charts, please visit the original blog post linked above.*

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