Currently its not handy using special characters with the display print method.
Adafruit_SSD1306 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_RESET);
//Works fine:
display.print("Hello World!");
//shows garbage
display.print("Ä Ü Ö ä ü ö ß");
// Is possible with
display.print("\224 \201 \204"); //Using octal ASCII
//or
display.print("\x94 \x81"); //Using hex ASCII
//or
display.write(0x94);
It would be very user friendly if umlauts in strings would be automatically converted by the library as it reads much better and is more easy to use.