logical-organization.md

Logical Organization

• circuit-artist

  • Pixel animation of circuits. Looks great!

• • The game consists of a series of levels. In each level, you are tasked with building a component that behaves according to a specification. This component can then be used as a building block in the next level.

• Build an 8-bit computer from scratch

  • I built a programmable 8-bit computer from scratch on breadboards using only simple logic gates. I documented the whole project in a series of YouTube videos and on this web site. Watch this video for an introduction:

• YouTube Playlist: Processors Are Awesome – Superscalar 8-Bit CPU #1

  • Playlist: Mammoth 50 videos (and rising). Many of them 45min.
  • Building an 8bit cpu from scratch

• Simple CPU design

  • Computer architecture is awash with concepts that are fundamental to computer science generally and which do not appear in other parts of the undergraduate curriculum. A course in computer architecture can provide a suitable forum for incorporating fundamental principles in the CS curriculum

  • To me this is how computer architectures should be taught, a journey from being to end, no hidden details, just simple fundamental computer science, that hopefully everyone can understand.

• Addressing the adding situation

  • what do you think a simple x86 function to add two ints1 would look like? An add, right?

  • lea eax, [rdi+rsi] ?!
  • See also [xor]

• 80386 Multiplication and Division

  • Why the 386 was so fast!
  • Microcode assembler
  • Early escape from multiplication

• Intel Assembler 80x86 CodeTable

• [bus]

• [transistor]

• BitMap Logic Simulator

  • Create AND, OR, NOT gates as bitmaps
  • Levels and progression

• CP4U processor

  • A 4-bit build it yourself processor - whole pdf walkthough the process with diagrams and photos

• The Math Behind the Magic - Processor Design

  • we will be taking a look at how a computer works, down to the basic boolean algebra. To begin with, we need to take a look at how boolean algebra works, this will lead us into truth tables, and simple schematics. Building from these schematics we will look at Karnaugh maps, and higer level implementation. This higher level implementation will then be used to create an Arithmetic Logic Unit--the brains in a computer. We will end by desiging some simple memory schemes, the final stage in building a processor. By the end of this article, we will design a fully functional processor.

• The Elements of Computing Systems, Second Edition - Building a Modern Computer from First Principles 2021 By Noam Nisan and Shimon Schocken

  • ISBN 9780262539807

• 1Hz Minecraft Redstone Computer

  • Addition, subtraction, BCD display and 1 bit pixel display.
  • 1 instruction per second
  • Can fly around and see elements of the computer

• I Made A Water Computer And It Actually Works YouTube 16min

• A Computer Built With Dominos YouTube 8min

  • Half adder

• Reso: A visual circuits programming language using pixels.

  • Reso is a low-level circuit design language and simulator, inspired by things like Redstone, Conway's Game of Life, and Wireworld.

• The Fetch-Execute Cycle: What's Your Computer Actually Doing? Tom Scott 9min

• How These Things Work: The Preface

  • The foundations of computing from scratch

• Making Logic Gates From Transistors Ben Eater 28min

• From Transistors To Tetris Part 1 : Computer Architecture 20min

• From Transistors to Functions

• Computer Logical Organization - Overview

  • binary
  • oct
  • hex
  • 2s complement
  • Binary coded decimal, grey code
  • boolean algebra
  • gates and or not
  • xor nand nor
  • half adder
  • full adder, subtractor
  • multiplexor, demultiplexor
  • encoder
  • flip flop

• Logic Design with MSI Circuits

  • These are classified as standard components
  • adders, subtractors, comparators, decoders, encoders and multiplexers

• Optional:Buildingaprocessorfromscratch

• Simple CPU design

  • Computer architecture is awash with concepts that are fundamental to computer science generally and which do not appear in other parts of the undergraduate curriculum. A course in computer architecture can provide a suitable forum for incorporating fundamental principles in the CS curriculum

• 8-bit Turing complete computer that I made in Factorio

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todo Simulators? browser based?

• simulator.io Build and simulate logic circuits in browser
  • samples
    • 4-Bit CPU
• Logic Gate Simulator
  • A free, simple, online logic gate simulator. Investigate the behaviour of AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR and XOR gates

Builds

• Building a Relay Computer from Scratch

  • Video and description of machine and assembly instructions

• home-built computers web-ring

  • Images and catalog

TODO:

• A Crash Course in Modern Hardware Cliff Click 2009 1hour video

  • discusses the Von Neumann architecture, CISC vs RISC, the rise of multicore, Instruction-Level Parallelism (ILP), pipelining, out-of-order dispatch, static vs dynamic ILP, performance impact of cache misses, memory performance, memory vs CPU caching, examples of memory/CPU cache interaction, and tips for improving performance