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<h1 class="title">C++ snippets</h1>
</header>
<nav id="TOC" role="doc-toc">
<ul>
<li><a href="#msvc-property" id="toc-msvc-property"><span
class="toc-section-number">1</span> #
<code>__declspec(property(...))</code> to debug value change (MSVC,
Clang)</a></li>
<li><a href="#sorted-add" id="toc-sorted-add"><span
class="toc-section-number">2</span> # add a value into sorted vector,
trivial case</a></li>
<li><a href="#validate-printf" id="toc-validate-printf"><span
class="toc-section-number">3</span> # validate printf format at compile
time</a></li>
<li><a href="#parse-int" id="toc-parse-int"><span
class="toc-section-number">4</span> # parse string to int, strict
version</a></li>
<li><a href="#assert-v0" id="toc-assert-v0"><span
class="toc-section-number">5</span> # custom assert, std::printf-based
(<=C++17)</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<h3 data-number="1" id="msvc-property"><span
class="header-section-number">1</span> <a href="#msvc-property">#
</a><code>__declspec(property(...))</code> to debug value change (MSVC,
Clang)</h3>
<p>How to track all the places where access to <code>.my_value</code>
happens?</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1" data-startFrom="25"><pre
class="sourceCode numberSource cpp numberLines"><code class="sourceCode cpp" style="counter-reset: source-line 24;"><span id="cb1-25"><a href="#cb1-25"></a><span class="kw">struct</span> MyItem</span>
<span id="cb1-26"><a href="#cb1-26"></a><span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb1-27"><a href="#cb1-27"></a> <span class="dt">int</span> my_value <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">0</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb1-28"><a href="#cb1-28"></a><span class="op">};</span></span>
<span id="cb1-29"><a href="#cb1-29"></a></span>
<span id="cb1-30"><a href="#cb1-30"></a><span class="dt">void</span> Process<span class="op">(</span>MyItem<span class="op">&</span> item<span class="op">)</span></span>
<span id="cb1-31"><a href="#cb1-31"></a><span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb1-32"><a href="#cb1-32"></a> item<span class="op">.</span>my_value <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">4</span><span class="op">;</span> <span class="co">// **</span></span>
<span id="cb1-33"><a href="#cb1-33"></a><span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb1-34"><a href="#cb1-34"></a></span>
<span id="cb1-35"><a href="#cb1-35"></a><span class="dt">int</span> main<span class="op">()</span></span>
<span id="cb1-36"><a href="#cb1-36"></a><span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb1-37"><a href="#cb1-37"></a> MyItem item<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb1-38"><a href="#cb1-38"></a> item<span class="op">.</span>my_value <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">2</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb1-39"><a href="#cb1-39"></a> Process<span class="op">(</span>item<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb1-40"><a href="#cb1-40"></a> item<span class="op">.</span>my_value <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">8</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb1-41"><a href="#cb1-41"></a><span class="op">}</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Use <code>__declspec(property(...))</code> <a
href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/cpp/property-cpp?view=msvc-170">MSVC
extension</a>, also supported by Clang:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre
class="sourceCode numberSource cpp numberLines"><code class="sourceCode cpp"><span id="cb2-1"><a href="#cb2-1"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><print></span></span>
<span id="cb2-2"><a href="#cb2-2"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><source_location></span></span>
<span id="cb2-3"><a href="#cb2-3"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><stacktrace></span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="co">// clang: -lstdc++exp</span></span>
<span id="cb2-4"><a href="#cb2-4"></a></span>
<span id="cb2-5"><a href="#cb2-5"></a><span class="kw">struct</span> MyItem</span>
<span id="cb2-6"><a href="#cb2-6"></a><span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb2-7"><a href="#cb2-7"></a> <span class="dt">int</span> get_value<span class="op">()</span></span>
<span id="cb2-8"><a href="#cb2-8"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb2-9"><a href="#cb2-9"></a> <span class="cf">return</span> _value_impl<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb2-10"><a href="#cb2-10"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb2-11"><a href="#cb2-11"></a></span>
<span id="cb2-12"><a href="#cb2-12"></a> <span class="dt">void</span> set_value<span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">int</span> v</span>
<span id="cb2-13"><a href="#cb2-13"></a> <span class="op">,</span> <span class="bu">std::</span>source_location loc <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">std::</span>source_location::current<span class="op">())</span></span>
<span id="cb2-14"><a href="#cb2-14"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb2-15"><a href="#cb2-15"></a> <span class="bu">std::</span>println<span class="op">(</span><span class="st">" -- set _value: </span><span class="sc">{}</span><span class="st"> -> </span><span class="sc">{}</span><span class="st">, callsite: </span><span class="sc">{}</span><span class="st">,</span><span class="sc">{}</span><span class="st">/</span><span class="sc">{}</span><span class="st">, callstack:</span><span class="sc">\n{}</span><span class="st">"</span></span>
<span id="cb2-16"><a href="#cb2-16"></a> <span class="op">,</span> _value_impl</span>
<span id="cb2-17"><a href="#cb2-17"></a> <span class="op">,</span> v</span>
<span id="cb2-18"><a href="#cb2-18"></a> <span class="op">,</span> loc<span class="op">.</span>file_name<span class="op">()</span></span>
<span id="cb2-19"><a href="#cb2-19"></a> <span class="op">,</span> loc<span class="op">.</span>line<span class="op">()</span></span>
<span id="cb2-20"><a href="#cb2-20"></a> <span class="op">,</span> loc<span class="op">.</span>function_name<span class="op">()</span></span>
<span id="cb2-21"><a href="#cb2-21"></a> <span class="op">,</span> <span class="bu">std::</span>to_string<span class="op">(</span><span class="bu">std::</span>stacktrace::current<span class="op">()));</span></span>
<span id="cb2-22"><a href="#cb2-22"></a> </span>
<span id="cb2-23"><a href="#cb2-23"></a> _value_impl <span class="op">=</span> v<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb2-24"><a href="#cb2-24"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb2-25"><a href="#cb2-25"></a></span>
<span id="cb2-26"><a href="#cb2-26"></a> <span class="ex">__declspec(property(get = get_value, put = set_value)) int my_value;</span></span>
<span id="cb2-27"><a href="#cb2-27"></a> <span class="dt">int</span> _value_impl <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">0</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb2-28"><a href="#cb2-28"></a><span class="op">};</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>See <a href="https://godbolt.org/z/7YW7Ys6xa">godbolt</a>, <a
href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/62330671">SO</a>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre
class="sourceCode numberSource numberLines"><code class="sourceCode"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1"></a> -- set _value: 0 -> 2, callsite: /app/example.cpp,38/int main(), callstack:</span>
<span id="cb3-2"><a href="#cb3-2"></a> 0# MyItem::set_value(int, std::source_location) at /app/example.cpp:21</span>
<span id="cb3-3"><a href="#cb3-3"></a> 1# main at /app/example.cpp:38</span>
<span id="cb3-4"><a href="#cb3-4"></a></span>
<span id="cb3-5"><a href="#cb3-5"></a> -- set _value: 2 -> 4, callsite: /app/example.cpp,32/void Process(MyItem &), callstack:</span>
<span id="cb3-6"><a href="#cb3-6"></a> 0# MyItem::set_value(int, std::source_location) at /app/example.cpp:21</span>
<span id="cb3-7"><a href="#cb3-7"></a> 1# Process(MyItem&) at /app/example.cpp:32</span>
<span id="cb3-8"><a href="#cb3-8"></a> 2# main at /app/example.cpp:39</span>
<span id="cb3-9"><a href="#cb3-9"></a></span>
<span id="cb3-10"><a href="#cb3-10"></a> -- set _value: 4 -> 8, callsite: /app/example.cpp,40/int main(), callstack:</span>
<span id="cb3-11"><a href="#cb3-11"></a> 0# MyItem::set_value(int, std::source_location) at /app/example.cpp:21</span>
<span id="cb3-12"><a href="#cb3-12"></a> 1# main at /app/example.cpp:40</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note, <code>/std:c++latest -Z7</code> for MSVC (mostly so stacktrace
resolves) and <code>-std=c++23 -fdeclspec -lstdc++exp</code> for
Clang.</p>
<h3 data-number="2" id="sorted-add"><span
class="header-section-number">2</span> <a href="#sorted-add"># </a>add a
value into sorted vector, trivial case</h3>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre
class="sourceCode numberSource cpp numberLines"><code class="sourceCode cpp"><span id="cb4-1"><a href="#cb4-1"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><vector></span></span>
<span id="cb4-2"><a href="#cb4-2"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><algorithm></span></span>
<span id="cb4-3"><a href="#cb4-3"></a></span>
<span id="cb4-4"><a href="#cb4-4"></a><span class="dt">void</span> Sorted_Add<span class="op">(</span><span class="bu">std::</span>vector<span class="op"><</span><span class="dt">int</span><span class="op">>&</span> vs<span class="op">,</span> <span class="dt">int</span> v<span class="op">)</span></span>
<span id="cb4-5"><a href="#cb4-5"></a><span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb4-6"><a href="#cb4-6"></a> <span class="kw">auto</span> it <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">std::</span>upper_bound<span class="op">(</span>vs<span class="op">.</span>begin<span class="op">(),</span> vs<span class="op">.</span>end<span class="op">(),</span> v<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb4-7"><a href="#cb4-7"></a> vs<span class="op">.</span>insert<span class="op">(</span>it<span class="op">,</span> v<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb4-8"><a href="#cb4-8"></a><span class="op">}</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note, in case of no duplicates, the use of
<code>std::lower_boud()</code> brings no difference, i.e., this is the
same as above:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre
class="sourceCode numberSource cpp numberLines"><code class="sourceCode cpp"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1"></a><span class="dt">void</span> Sorted_Add<span class="op">(</span><span class="bu">std::</span>vector<span class="op"><</span><span class="dt">int</span><span class="op">>&</span> vs<span class="op">,</span> <span class="dt">int</span> v<span class="op">)</span></span>
<span id="cb5-2"><a href="#cb5-2"></a><span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb5-3"><a href="#cb5-3"></a> <span class="kw">auto</span> it <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">std::</span>lower_bound<span class="op">(</span>vs<span class="op">.</span>begin<span class="op">(),</span> vs<span class="op">.</span>end<span class="op">(),</span> v<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb5-4"><a href="#cb5-4"></a> vs<span class="op">.</span>insert<span class="op">(</span>it<span class="op">,</span> v<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb5-5"><a href="#cb5-5"></a><span class="op">}</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>In case of duplicates, std::upper_bound or std::lower_bound still
could be used, however, std::upper_bound inserts new value to the end of
duplicate values range, std::lower_bound inserts new value before
duplicate values range:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre
class="sourceCode numberSource numberLines"><code class="sourceCode"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1"></a>{1, 5, 5, 5, 9} // initial</span>
<span id="cb6-2"><a href="#cb6-2"></a>{1, 5, 5, 5, **5**, 9} // std::upper_bound(..., 5)</span>
<span id="cb6-3"><a href="#cb6-3"></a>{1, **5**, 5, 5, 5, 9} // std::lower_bound(..., 5)</span></code></pre></div>
<p>The difference could be important in case of (a) many duplicates –
std::upper_bound, in theory, requires less swaps for a later insert and
(b) when custom type/struct is used with custom predicate/sort by field
– so insert position is observable.</p>
<p>See <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/25524075">this SO</a> and <a
href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/upper_bound">std::upper_bound</a>.</p>
<h3 data-number="3" id="validate-printf"><span
class="header-section-number">3</span> <a href="#validate-printf">#
</a>validate printf format at compile time</h3>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre
class="sourceCode numberSource cpp numberLines"><code class="sourceCode cpp"><span id="cb7-1"><a href="#cb7-1"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><cstdio></span></span>
<span id="cb7-2"><a href="#cb7-2"></a><span class="co">// GCC, Clang: -Werror=format</span></span>
<span id="cb7-3"><a href="#cb7-3"></a><span class="co">// GCC, Clang: error: format specifies type 'char *' but the argument has type 'int' [-Werror,-Wformat]</span></span>
<span id="cb7-4"><a href="#cb7-4"></a><span class="co">// MSVC: /we4477</span></span>
<span id="cb7-5"><a href="#cb7-5"></a><span class="co">// MSVC: error C4477: 'printf' : format string '%s' requires an argument of type 'char *', but variadic argument 1 has type 'int'</span></span>
<span id="cb7-6"><a href="#cb7-6"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_CHECK_PRINTF</span><span class="op">(</span>KK_FMT<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">...)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">void</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb7-7"><a href="#cb7-7"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(</span><span class="kw">false</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">&&</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb7-8"><a href="#cb7-8"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="bu">std::</span>printf<span class="op">(</span>KK_FMT<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">##</span><span class="ot">__VA_ARGS__</span><span class="op">))</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p><code>KK_CHECK_PRINTF("%s", 10)</code> will fail to compile (/we4477
for MSVC, -Werror=format for GCC, Clang). This relies on the fact that
<code>std::printf</code> is validated by all compilers. There are ways
to achieve similar effect for custom printf functions by using SAL
Annotations for MSVC (see this <a
href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/6849629">SO</a>) and
<code>__attribute__((format(printf, 1, 2)))</code> for GCC/Clang.
However, using printf directly is the easiest way.</p>
<h3 data-number="4" id="parse-int"><span
class="header-section-number">4</span> <a href="#parse-int"># </a>parse
string to int, strict version</h3>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre
class="sourceCode numberSource cpp numberLines"><code class="sourceCode cpp"><span id="cb8-1"><a href="#cb8-1"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><string_view></span></span>
<span id="cb8-2"><a href="#cb8-2"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><charconv></span></span>
<span id="cb8-3"><a href="#cb8-3"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><cassert></span></span>
<span id="cb8-4"><a href="#cb8-4"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><cstdint></span></span>
<span id="cb8-5"><a href="#cb8-5"></a></span>
<span id="cb8-6"><a href="#cb8-6"></a><span class="bu">std::</span>uint64_t ParseToU64<span class="op">(</span><span class="at">const</span> <span class="bu">std::</span>string_view<span class="op">&</span> str<span class="op">)</span></span>
<span id="cb8-7"><a href="#cb8-7"></a><span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb8-8"><a href="#cb8-8"></a> <span class="bu">std::</span>uint64_t v <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">0</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb8-9"><a href="#cb8-9"></a> <span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> <span class="at">const</span> start <span class="op">=</span> str<span class="op">.</span>data<span class="op">();</span></span>
<span id="cb8-10"><a href="#cb8-10"></a> <span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> <span class="at">const</span> end <span class="op">=</span> <span class="op">(</span>start <span class="op">+</span> str<span class="op">.</span>size<span class="op">());</span></span>
<span id="cb8-11"><a href="#cb8-11"></a> <span class="kw">auto</span><span class="op">&&</span> <span class="op">[</span>ptr<span class="op">,</span> ec<span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">std::</span>from_chars<span class="op">(</span>start<span class="op">,</span> end<span class="op">,</span> v<span class="op">,</span> <span class="dv">10</span><span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb8-12"><a href="#cb8-12"></a> <span class="ot">assert</span><span class="op">(</span>ptr <span class="op">==</span> end<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb8-13"><a href="#cb8-13"></a> <span class="ot">assert</span><span class="op">(</span>ec <span class="op">==</span> <span class="bu">std::</span>errc<span class="op">{});</span></span>
<span id="cb8-14"><a href="#cb8-14"></a> <span class="cf">return</span> v<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb8-15"><a href="#cb8-15"></a><span class="op">}</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>where it does not allow to have string leftovers, so
<code>ParseToU64("10a")</code> fails, compared to regular
<code>std::from_chars("10a", ...)</code> and old-style
<code>atoi("10a")</code> analogs.</p>
<h3 data-number="5" id="assert-v0"><span
class="header-section-number">5</span> <a href="#assert-v0"># </a>custom
assert, std::printf-based (<=C++17)</h3>
<p>Sample:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre
class="sourceCode numberSource numberLines"><code class="sourceCode"><span id="cb9-1"><a href="#cb9-1"></a>KK_VERIFY(false);</span>
<span id="cb9-2"><a href="#cb9-2"></a>KK_VERIFY(false, "message");</span>
<span id="cb9-3"><a href="#cb9-3"></a>KK_VERIFY(false, "message %s %s", "format", "args");</span></code></pre></div>
<ul>
<li>with enabled printf format validation on GCC
(<code>-Werror=format</code>), need to silence one other warning with
<code>-Wno-format-zero-length</code> caused by
<code>KK_VERIFY(false)</code></li>
</ul>
<p>Code:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb10"><pre
class="sourceCode numberSource cpp numberLines"><code class="sourceCode cpp"><span id="cb10-1"><a href="#cb10-1"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><cstdio></span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="co">// for std::printf validation</span></span>
<span id="cb10-2"><a href="#cb10-2"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><cstdlib></span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="co">// std::abort()</span></span>
<span id="cb10-3"><a href="#cb10-3"></a></span>
<span id="cb10-4"><a href="#cb10-4"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_CHECK_PRINTF</span><span class="op">(...)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">void</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb10-5"><a href="#cb10-5"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(</span><span class="kw">false</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">&&</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="bu">std::</span>printf<span class="op">(</span><span class="ot">__VA_ARGS__</span><span class="op">))</span></span>
<span id="cb10-6"><a href="#cb10-6"></a></span>
<span id="cb10-7"><a href="#cb10-7"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_VERIFY</span><span class="op">(</span>KK_EXPRESSION<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">...)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">void</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb10-8"><a href="#cb10-8"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(!!(</span>KK_EXPRESSION<span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">||</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb10-9"><a href="#cb10-9"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(::</span>detail::dump_verify<span class="op">(</span><span class="ot">__FILE__</span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="ot">__LINE__</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb10-10"><a href="#cb10-10"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">#</span>KK_EXPRESSION<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">##</span><span class="ot">__VA_ARGS__</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb10-11"><a href="#cb10-11"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_CHECK_PRINTF<span class="op">(</span><span class="st">""</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="ot">__VA_ARGS__</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb10-12"><a href="#cb10-12"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_DEBUGBREAK<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb10-13"><a href="#cb10-13"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_EXIT<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb10-14"><a href="#cb10-14"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="kw">false</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb10-15"><a href="#cb10-15"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span id="cb10-16"><a href="#cb10-16"></a></span>
<span id="cb10-17"><a href="#cb10-17"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_DEBUGBREAK</span><span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb10-18"><a href="#cb10-18"></a><span class="pp"> </span>__debugbreak<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="co">/* MSVC-specific */</span></span>
<span id="cb10-19"><a href="#cb10-19"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_EXIT</span><span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb10-20"><a href="#cb10-20"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="bu">std::</span>abort<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="co">/* OR std::quick_exit(-1)*/</span></span>
<span id="cb10-21"><a href="#cb10-21"></a></span>
<span id="cb10-22"><a href="#cb10-22"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><cstdarg></span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="co">// va_list</span></span>
<span id="cb10-23"><a href="#cb10-23"></a></span>
<span id="cb10-24"><a href="#cb10-24"></a><span class="kw">namespace</span> detail</span>
<span id="cb10-25"><a href="#cb10-25"></a><span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb10-26"><a href="#cb10-26"></a> <span class="dt">void</span> dump_verify<span class="op">(</span><span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> file<span class="op">,</span> <span class="dt">unsigned</span> line<span class="op">,</span> <span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> expression<span class="op">,</span> <span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> fmt<span class="op">,</span> <span class="op">...)</span></span>
<span id="cb10-27"><a href="#cb10-27"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb10-28"><a href="#cb10-28"></a> <span class="dt">char</span> str<span class="op">[</span><span class="dv">1024</span><span class="op">];</span> <span class="co">// not initialized, vsnprintf zero-terminates</span></span>
<span id="cb10-29"><a href="#cb10-29"></a> <span class="dt">va_list</span> args<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb10-30"><a href="#cb10-30"></a> va_start<span class="op">(</span>args<span class="op">,</span> fmt<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb10-31"><a href="#cb10-31"></a> <span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">void</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="bu">std::</span>vsnprintf<span class="op">(</span>str<span class="op">,</span> <span class="bu">std::</span>size_t<span class="op">(</span>str<span class="op">),</span> fmt<span class="op">,</span> args<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb10-32"><a href="#cb10-32"></a> va_end<span class="op">(</span>args<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb10-33"><a href="#cb10-33"></a> <span class="co">// flush stdout if needed</span></span>
<span id="cb10-34"><a href="#cb10-34"></a> <span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">void</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="bu">std::</span>fprintf<span class="op">(</span>stderr<span class="op">,</span> <span class="st">"Verify '</span><span class="sc">%s</span><span class="st">' failed at '</span><span class="sc">%s</span><span class="st">,</span><span class="sc">%u</span><span class="st">' -> </span><span class="sc">%s\n</span><span class="st">"</span></span>
<span id="cb10-35"><a href="#cb10-35"></a> <span class="op">,</span> expression<span class="op">,</span> file<span class="op">,</span> line<span class="op">,</span> str<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb10-36"><a href="#cb10-36"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb10-37"><a href="#cb10-37"></a></span>
<span id="cb10-38"><a href="#cb10-38"></a> <span class="dt">void</span> dump_verify<span class="op">(</span><span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> file<span class="op">,</span> <span class="dt">unsigned</span> line<span class="op">,</span> <span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> expression<span class="op">)</span></span>
<span id="cb10-39"><a href="#cb10-39"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb10-40"><a href="#cb10-40"></a> <span class="co">// flush stdout if needed</span></span>
<span id="cb10-41"><a href="#cb10-41"></a> <span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">void</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="bu">std::</span>fprintf<span class="op">(</span>stderr<span class="op">,</span> <span class="st">"Verify '</span><span class="sc">%s</span><span class="st">' failed at '</span><span class="sc">%s</span><span class="st">,</span><span class="sc">%u</span><span class="st">'</span><span class="sc">\n</span><span class="st">"</span></span>
<span id="cb10-42"><a href="#cb10-42"></a> <span class="op">,</span> expression<span class="op">,</span> file<span class="op">,</span> line<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb10-43"><a href="#cb10-43"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb10-44"><a href="#cb10-44"></a><span class="op">}</span> <span class="co">// namespace detail</span></span></code></pre></div>
<h4 class="unnumbered unlisted"
id="custom-assert-stdprintf-based-c17-v2"><a
href="#custom-assert-stdprintf-based-c17-v2"># </a>custom assert,
std::printf-based (<=C++17), v2</h4>
<ul>
<li>with std::printf format & args validation</li>
<li>with overload for optional message and or custom format</li>
<li>up to 15 custom args, modify KK_SELECT_N() to support more</li>
<li><code>__VA_OPT__</code> could be used to simplify KK_SELECT_N
machinery, see <a
href="https://www.dominikgrabiec.com/c++/2023/02/28/making_a_flexible_assert.html">Making
a flexible assert in C++</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Sample:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb11"><pre
class="sourceCode numberSource numberLines"><code class="sourceCode"><span id="cb11-1"><a href="#cb11-1"></a>KK_VERIFY(false);</span>
<span id="cb11-2"><a href="#cb11-2"></a>KK_VERIFY(false, "message");</span>
<span id="cb11-3"><a href="#cb11-3"></a>KK_VERIFY(false, "message %s %s", "format", "args");</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Code:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb12"><pre
class="sourceCode numberSource cpp numberLines"><code class="sourceCode cpp"><span id="cb12-1"><a href="#cb12-1"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><cstdio></span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="co">// for std::printf validation</span></span>
<span id="cb12-2"><a href="#cb12-2"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><cstdlib></span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="co">// std::abort()</span></span>
<span id="cb12-3"><a href="#cb12-3"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-4"><a href="#cb12-4"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_CHECK_PRINTF</span><span class="op">(</span>KK_FMT<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">...)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">void</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-5"><a href="#cb12-5"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(</span><span class="kw">false</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">&&</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-6"><a href="#cb12-6"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="bu">std::</span>printf<span class="op">(</span>KK_FMT<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">##</span><span class="ot">__VA_ARGS__</span><span class="op">))</span></span>
<span id="cb12-7"><a href="#cb12-7"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-8"><a href="#cb12-8"></a><span class="co">// Based on GET_MACRO() from https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11761703/overloading-macro-on-number-of-arguments/69945225#69945225</span></span>
<span id="cb12-9"><a href="#cb12-9"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_EXPAND</span><span class="op">(</span>x<span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span>x</span>
<span id="cb12-10"><a href="#cb12-10"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_SELECT_N</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-11"><a href="#cb12-11"></a><span class="pp"> </span>_1<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_2<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_3<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_4<span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-12"><a href="#cb12-12"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_5<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_6<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_7<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_8<span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-13"><a href="#cb12-13"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_9<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_10<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_11<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_12<span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-14"><a href="#cb12-14"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_13<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_14<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_15<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_16<span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-15"><a href="#cb12-15"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>NAME<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">...)</span><span class="pp"> </span>NAME</span>
<span id="cb12-16"><a href="#cb12-16"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-17"><a href="#cb12-17"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_VERIFY</span><span class="op">(...)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-18"><a href="#cb12-18"></a><span class="pp"> </span>KK_EXPAND<span class="op">(</span>KK_SELECT_N<span class="op">(</span><span class="ot">__VA_ARGS__</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-19"><a href="#cb12-19"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-20"><a href="#cb12-20"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-21"><a href="#cb12-21"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-22"><a href="#cb12-22"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_EXPR<span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-23"><a href="#cb12-23"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(</span><span class="ot">__VA_ARGS__</span><span class="op">))</span></span>
<span id="cb12-24"><a href="#cb12-24"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-25"><a href="#cb12-25"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_DEBUGBREAK</span><span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-26"><a href="#cb12-26"></a><span class="pp"> </span>__debugbreak<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="co">/* MSVC-specific */</span></span>
<span id="cb12-27"><a href="#cb12-27"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_EXIT</span><span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-28"><a href="#cb12-28"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="bu">std::</span>abort<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="co">/* OR std::quick_exit(-1)*/</span></span>
<span id="cb12-29"><a href="#cb12-29"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-30"><a href="#cb12-30"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_VERIFY_EXPR</span><span class="op">(</span>KK_EXPRESSION<span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">void</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-31"><a href="#cb12-31"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(!!(</span>KK_EXPRESSION<span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">||</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-32"><a href="#cb12-32"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(::</span>detail::dump_verify<span class="op">(</span><span class="ot">__FILE__</span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="ot">__LINE__</span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">#</span>KK_EXPRESSION<span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-33"><a href="#cb12-33"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_DEBUGBREAK<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-34"><a href="#cb12-34"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_EXIT<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-35"><a href="#cb12-35"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="kw">false</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-36"><a href="#cb12-36"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span id="cb12-37"><a href="#cb12-37"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-38"><a href="#cb12-38"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_VERIFY_F</span><span class="op">(</span>KK_EXPRESSION<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_FMT<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">...)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">void</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-39"><a href="#cb12-39"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(!!(</span>KK_EXPRESSION<span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">||</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-40"><a href="#cb12-40"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(::</span>detail::dump_verify<span class="op">(</span><span class="ot">__FILE__</span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="ot">__LINE__</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-41"><a href="#cb12-41"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">#</span>KK_EXPRESSION<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_FMT<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">##</span><span class="ot">__VA_ARGS__</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-42"><a href="#cb12-42"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_CHECK_PRINTF<span class="op">(</span>KK_FMT<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">##</span><span class="ot">__VA_ARGS__</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-43"><a href="#cb12-43"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_DEBUGBREAK<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-44"><a href="#cb12-44"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_EXIT<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-45"><a href="#cb12-45"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="kw">false</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb12-46"><a href="#cb12-46"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span id="cb12-47"><a href="#cb12-47"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-48"><a href="#cb12-48"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><cstdarg></span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="co">// va_list</span></span>
<span id="cb12-49"><a href="#cb12-49"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-50"><a href="#cb12-50"></a><span class="kw">namespace</span> detail</span>
<span id="cb12-51"><a href="#cb12-51"></a><span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb12-52"><a href="#cb12-52"></a> <span class="dt">void</span> dump_verify<span class="op">(</span><span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> file<span class="op">,</span> <span class="dt">unsigned</span> line<span class="op">,</span> <span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> expression<span class="op">,</span> <span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> fmt<span class="op">,</span> <span class="op">...)</span></span>
<span id="cb12-53"><a href="#cb12-53"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb12-54"><a href="#cb12-54"></a> <span class="dt">char</span> str<span class="op">[</span><span class="dv">1024</span><span class="op">];</span> <span class="co">// not initialized, vsnprintf zero-terminates</span></span>
<span id="cb12-55"><a href="#cb12-55"></a> <span class="dt">va_list</span> args<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb12-56"><a href="#cb12-56"></a> va_start<span class="op">(</span>args<span class="op">,</span> fmt<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb12-57"><a href="#cb12-57"></a> <span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">void</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="bu">std::</span>vsnprintf<span class="op">(</span>str<span class="op">,</span> <span class="bu">std::</span>size_t<span class="op">(</span>str<span class="op">),</span> fmt<span class="op">,</span> args<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb12-58"><a href="#cb12-58"></a> va_end<span class="op">(</span>args<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb12-59"><a href="#cb12-59"></a> <span class="co">// flush stdout if needed</span></span>
<span id="cb12-60"><a href="#cb12-60"></a> <span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">void</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="bu">std::</span>fprintf<span class="op">(</span>stderr<span class="op">,</span> <span class="st">"Verify '</span><span class="sc">%s</span><span class="st">' failed at '</span><span class="sc">%s</span><span class="st">,</span><span class="sc">%u</span><span class="st">' -> </span><span class="sc">%s\n</span><span class="st">"</span></span>
<span id="cb12-61"><a href="#cb12-61"></a> <span class="op">,</span> expression<span class="op">,</span> file<span class="op">,</span> line<span class="op">,</span> str<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb12-62"><a href="#cb12-62"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb12-63"><a href="#cb12-63"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-64"><a href="#cb12-64"></a> <span class="dt">void</span> dump_verify<span class="op">(</span><span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> file<span class="op">,</span> <span class="dt">unsigned</span> line<span class="op">,</span> <span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> expression<span class="op">)</span></span>
<span id="cb12-65"><a href="#cb12-65"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb12-66"><a href="#cb12-66"></a> <span class="co">// flush stdout if needed</span></span>
<span id="cb12-67"><a href="#cb12-67"></a> <span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">void</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="bu">std::</span>fprintf<span class="op">(</span>stderr<span class="op">,</span> <span class="st">"Verify '</span><span class="sc">%s</span><span class="st">' failed at '</span><span class="sc">%s</span><span class="st">,</span><span class="sc">%u</span><span class="st">'</span><span class="sc">\n</span><span class="st">"</span></span>
<span id="cb12-68"><a href="#cb12-68"></a> <span class="op">,</span> expression<span class="op">,</span> file<span class="op">,</span> line<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb12-69"><a href="#cb12-69"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb12-70"><a href="#cb12-70"></a><span class="op">}</span> <span class="co">// namespace detail</span></span></code></pre></div>
<h4 class="unnumbered unlisted"
id="custom-assert-stdformat-based-c20-v3"><a
href="#custom-assert-stdformat-based-c20-v3"># </a>custom assert,
std::format-based (>=C++20), v3</h4>
<ul>
<li>with std::format</li>
<li>with overload for optional message and or custom format</li>
<li>up to 15 custom args, modify KK_SELECT_N() to support more</li>
<li><code>__VA_OPT__</code> could be used to simplify KK_SELECT_N
machinery, see <a
href="https://www.dominikgrabiec.com/c++/2023/02/28/making_a_flexible_assert.html">Making
a flexible assert in C++</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Sample:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb13"><pre
class="sourceCode numberSource numberLines"><code class="sourceCode"><span id="cb13-1"><a href="#cb13-1"></a>KK_VERIFY(false);</span>
<span id="cb13-2"><a href="#cb13-2"></a>KK_VERIFY(false, "message");</span>
<span id="cb13-3"><a href="#cb13-3"></a>KK_VERIFY(false, "message {} {}", "format", "args");</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Code:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb14"><pre
class="sourceCode numberSource cpp numberLines"><code class="sourceCode cpp"><span id="cb14-1"><a href="#cb14-1"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><cstdlib></span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="co">// std::abort()</span></span>
<span id="cb14-2"><a href="#cb14-2"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><print></span></span>
<span id="cb14-3"><a href="#cb14-3"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-4"><a href="#cb14-4"></a><span class="co">// Based on GET_MACRO() from https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11761703/overloading-macro-on-number-of-arguments/69945225#69945225</span></span>
<span id="cb14-5"><a href="#cb14-5"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_EXPAND</span><span class="op">(</span>x<span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span>x</span>
<span id="cb14-6"><a href="#cb14-6"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_SELECT_N</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-7"><a href="#cb14-7"></a><span class="pp"> </span>_1<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_2<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_3<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_4<span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-8"><a href="#cb14-8"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_5<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_6<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_7<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_8<span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-9"><a href="#cb14-9"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_9<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_10<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_11<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_12<span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-10"><a href="#cb14-10"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_13<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_14<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_15<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>_16<span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-11"><a href="#cb14-11"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>NAME<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">...)</span><span class="pp"> </span>NAME</span>
<span id="cb14-12"><a href="#cb14-12"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-13"><a href="#cb14-13"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_VERIFY</span><span class="op">(...)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-14"><a href="#cb14-14"></a><span class="pp"> </span>KK_EXPAND<span class="op">(</span>KK_SELECT_N<span class="op">(</span><span class="ot">__VA_ARGS__</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-15"><a href="#cb14-15"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-16"><a href="#cb14-16"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-17"><a href="#cb14-17"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-18"><a href="#cb14-18"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_F<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_VERIFY_EXPR<span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-19"><a href="#cb14-19"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(</span><span class="ot">__VA_ARGS__</span><span class="op">))</span></span>
<span id="cb14-20"><a href="#cb14-20"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-21"><a href="#cb14-21"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_DEBUGBREAK</span><span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-22"><a href="#cb14-22"></a><span class="pp"> </span>__debugbreak<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="co">/* MSVC-specific */</span></span>
<span id="cb14-23"><a href="#cb14-23"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_EXIT</span><span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-24"><a href="#cb14-24"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="bu">std::</span>abort<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="co">/* OR std::quick_exit(-1)*/</span></span>
<span id="cb14-25"><a href="#cb14-25"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-26"><a href="#cb14-26"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_VERIFY_EXPR</span><span class="op">(</span>KK_EXPRESSION<span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">void</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-27"><a href="#cb14-27"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(!!(</span>KK_EXPRESSION<span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">||</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-28"><a href="#cb14-28"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(::</span>detail::dump_verify<span class="op">(</span><span class="ot">__FILE__</span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="ot">__LINE__</span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">#</span>KK_EXPRESSION<span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-29"><a href="#cb14-29"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_DEBUGBREAK<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-30"><a href="#cb14-30"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_EXIT<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-31"><a href="#cb14-31"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="kw">false</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-32"><a href="#cb14-32"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span id="cb14-33"><a href="#cb14-33"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-34"><a href="#cb14-34"></a><span class="pp">#define KK_VERIFY_F</span><span class="op">(</span>KK_EXPRESSION<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_FMT<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">...)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">void</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-35"><a href="#cb14-35"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(!!(</span>KK_EXPRESSION<span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">||</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-36"><a href="#cb14-36"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">(::</span>detail::dump_verify<span class="op">(</span><span class="ot">__FILE__</span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="ot">__LINE__</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-37"><a href="#cb14-37"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">#</span>KK_EXPRESSION<span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-38"><a href="#cb14-38"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="bu">std::</span>format_to_n<span class="op">(::</span>detail::FormatBuffer<span class="op">{}.</span>it<span class="op">()\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-39"><a href="#cb14-39"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">::</span>detail::FormatBuffer::available_size<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-40"><a href="#cb14-40"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_FMT<span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">##</span><span class="ot">__VA_ARGS__</span><span class="op">))</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-41"><a href="#cb14-41"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_DEBUGBREAK<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-42"><a href="#cb14-42"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span>KK_EXIT<span class="op">()</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-43"><a href="#cb14-43"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">,</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="kw">false</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">\</span></span>
<span id="cb14-44"><a href="#cb14-44"></a><span class="pp"> </span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span id="cb14-45"><a href="#cb14-45"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-46"><a href="#cb14-46"></a><span class="pp">#include </span><span class="im"><cstring></span><span class="pp"> </span><span class="co">// optional, for prettify_filename()</span></span>
<span id="cb14-47"><a href="#cb14-47"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-48"><a href="#cb14-48"></a><span class="kw">namespace</span> detail</span>
<span id="cb14-49"><a href="#cb14-49"></a><span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb14-50"><a href="#cb14-50"></a> <span class="co">// Workaround to the fact that std::make_format_args(10, 'c') does not compile</span></span>
<span id="cb14-51"><a href="#cb14-51"></a> <span class="co">// since it requires lvalue references (see http://wg21.link/P2905R2),</span></span>
<span id="cb14-52"><a href="#cb14-52"></a> <span class="co">// hence std::format_to_n() is used.</span></span>
<span id="cb14-53"><a href="#cb14-53"></a> <span class="kw">struct</span> FormatBuffer</span>
<span id="cb14-54"><a href="#cb14-54"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb14-55"><a href="#cb14-55"></a> FormatBuffer<span class="op">(</span><span class="at">const</span> FormatBuffer<span class="op">&)</span> <span class="kw">noexcept</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">delete</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb14-56"><a href="#cb14-56"></a> FormatBuffer<span class="op">&</span> <span class="kw">operator</span><span class="op">=(</span><span class="at">const</span> FormatBuffer<span class="op">&)</span> <span class="kw">noexcept</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">delete</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb14-57"><a href="#cb14-57"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-58"><a href="#cb14-58"></a> <span class="at">static</span> <span class="kw">constexpr</span> <span class="dt">unsigned</span> BUFFER_SIZE <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">1024</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb14-59"><a href="#cb14-59"></a> <span class="dt">char</span> _buffer<span class="op">[</span>BUFFER_SIZE<span class="op">];</span> <span class="co">// not initialized</span></span>
<span id="cb14-60"><a href="#cb14-60"></a> FormatBuffer<span class="op">()</span> <span class="kw">noexcept</span> <span class="op">{}</span></span>
<span id="cb14-61"><a href="#cb14-61"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-62"><a href="#cb14-62"></a> <span class="at">static</span> <span class="kw">constexpr</span> <span class="bu">std::</span>ptrdiff_t available_size<span class="op">()</span></span>
<span id="cb14-63"><a href="#cb14-63"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb14-64"><a href="#cb14-64"></a> <span class="cf">return</span> BUFFER_SIZE <span class="op">-</span> <span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb14-65"><a href="#cb14-65"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb14-66"><a href="#cb14-66"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-67"><a href="#cb14-67"></a> <span class="kw">struct</span> iterator</span>
<span id="cb14-68"><a href="#cb14-68"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb14-69"><a href="#cb14-69"></a> FormatBuffer<span class="op">*</span> _self<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb14-70"><a href="#cb14-70"></a> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> _it<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb14-71"><a href="#cb14-71"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-72"><a href="#cb14-72"></a> <span class="kw">using</span> <span class="dt">difference_type</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">std::</span>ptrdiff_t<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb14-73"><a href="#cb14-73"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-74"><a href="#cb14-74"></a> iterator<span class="op">&</span> <span class="kw">operator</span><span class="op">++()</span> <span class="kw">noexcept</span></span>
<span id="cb14-75"><a href="#cb14-75"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb14-76"><a href="#cb14-76"></a> <span class="op">++</span>_it<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb14-77"><a href="#cb14-77"></a> <span class="cf">return</span> <span class="op">*</span><span class="kw">this</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb14-78"><a href="#cb14-78"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb14-79"><a href="#cb14-79"></a> iterator <span class="kw">operator</span><span class="op">++(</span><span class="dt">int</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="kw">noexcept</span></span>
<span id="cb14-80"><a href="#cb14-80"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb14-81"><a href="#cb14-81"></a> iterator copy<span class="op">{</span> <span class="op">*</span><span class="kw">this</span> <span class="op">};</span></span>
<span id="cb14-82"><a href="#cb14-82"></a> <span class="op">++</span>_it<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb14-83"><a href="#cb14-83"></a> <span class="cf">return</span> copy<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb14-84"><a href="#cb14-84"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb14-85"><a href="#cb14-85"></a> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">&</span> <span class="kw">operator</span><span class="op">*()</span> <span class="kw">noexcept</span></span>
<span id="cb14-86"><a href="#cb14-86"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb14-87"><a href="#cb14-87"></a> <span class="cf">return</span> <span class="op">*</span>_it<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb14-88"><a href="#cb14-88"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb14-89"><a href="#cb14-89"></a> <span class="at">static</span> <span class="bu">std::</span>ptrdiff_t my_min<span class="op">(</span><span class="bu">std::</span>ptrdiff_t v1<span class="op">,</span> <span class="bu">std::</span>ptrdiff_t v2<span class="op">)</span></span>
<span id="cb14-90"><a href="#cb14-90"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb14-91"><a href="#cb14-91"></a> <span class="cf">return</span> <span class="op">((</span>v1 <span class="op"><</span> v2<span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">?</span> v1 <span class="op">:</span> v2<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb14-92"><a href="#cb14-92"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb14-93"><a href="#cb14-93"></a> <span class="dt">void</span> finish<span class="op">(</span><span class="bu">std::</span>ptrdiff_t size<span class="op">)</span></span>
<span id="cb14-94"><a href="#cb14-94"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb14-95"><a href="#cb14-95"></a> <span class="at">const</span> <span class="bu">std::</span>ptrdiff_t p <span class="op">=</span> my_min<span class="op">(</span>size<span class="op">,</span> FormatBuffer<span class="op">::</span>available_size<span class="op">());</span></span>
<span id="cb14-96"><a href="#cb14-96"></a> _self<span class="op">-></span>_buffer<span class="op">[</span>p<span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ch">'</span><span class="sc">\0</span><span class="ch">'</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb14-97"><a href="#cb14-97"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb14-98"><a href="#cb14-98"></a> <span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> str<span class="op">()</span> <span class="at">const</span></span>
<span id="cb14-99"><a href="#cb14-99"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb14-100"><a href="#cb14-100"></a> <span class="cf">return</span> _self<span class="op">-></span>_buffer<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb14-101"><a href="#cb14-101"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb14-102"><a href="#cb14-102"></a> <span class="op">};</span></span>
<span id="cb14-103"><a href="#cb14-103"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-104"><a href="#cb14-104"></a> iterator it<span class="op">()</span></span>
<span id="cb14-105"><a href="#cb14-105"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb14-106"><a href="#cb14-106"></a> <span class="cf">return</span> <span class="op">{</span><span class="kw">this</span><span class="op">,</span> _buffer<span class="op">};</span></span>
<span id="cb14-107"><a href="#cb14-107"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb14-108"><a href="#cb14-108"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-109"><a href="#cb14-109"></a> <span class="kw">using</span> format_result <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">std::</span>format_to_n_result<span class="op"><</span>iterator<span class="op">>;</span></span>
<span id="cb14-110"><a href="#cb14-110"></a> <span class="op">};</span></span>
<span id="cb14-111"><a href="#cb14-111"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-112"><a href="#cb14-112"></a> <span class="dt">void</span> dump_verify<span class="op">(</span><span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> file<span class="op">,</span> <span class="dt">unsigned</span> line<span class="op">,</span> <span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> expression<span class="op">,</span> FormatBuffer<span class="op">::</span>format_result<span class="op">&&</span> fmt<span class="op">)</span></span>
<span id="cb14-113"><a href="#cb14-113"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb14-114"><a href="#cb14-114"></a> fmt<span class="op">.</span>out<span class="op">.</span>finish<span class="op">(</span>fmt<span class="op">.</span>size<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb14-115"><a href="#cb14-115"></a> <span class="co">// flush stdout if needed</span></span>
<span id="cb14-116"><a href="#cb14-116"></a> <span class="bu">std::</span>println<span class="op">(</span>stderr<span class="op">,</span> <span class="st">"Verify '</span><span class="sc">{}</span><span class="st">' failed at '</span><span class="sc">{}</span><span class="st">,</span><span class="sc">{}</span><span class="st">' -> </span><span class="sc">{}</span><span class="st">"</span></span>
<span id="cb14-117"><a href="#cb14-117"></a> <span class="op">,</span> expression<span class="op">,</span> file<span class="op">,</span> line<span class="op">,</span> fmt<span class="op">.</span>out<span class="op">.</span>str<span class="op">());</span></span>
<span id="cb14-118"><a href="#cb14-118"></a> <span class="co">// C++23 - use std::stacktrace::current() if needed</span></span>
<span id="cb14-119"><a href="#cb14-119"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-120"><a href="#cb14-120"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb14-121"><a href="#cb14-121"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-122"><a href="#cb14-122"></a> <span class="dt">void</span> dump_verify<span class="op">(</span><span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> file<span class="op">,</span> <span class="dt">unsigned</span> line<span class="op">,</span> <span class="at">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> expression<span class="op">)</span></span>
<span id="cb14-123"><a href="#cb14-123"></a> <span class="op">{</span></span>
<span id="cb14-124"><a href="#cb14-124"></a> <span class="co">// flush stdout if needed</span></span>
<span id="cb14-125"><a href="#cb14-125"></a> <span class="bu">std::</span>println<span class="op">(</span>stderr<span class="op">,</span> <span class="st">"Verify '</span><span class="sc">{}</span><span class="st">' failed at '</span><span class="sc">{}</span><span class="st">,</span><span class="sc">{}</span><span class="st">'"</span></span>
<span id="cb14-126"><a href="#cb14-126"></a> <span class="op">,</span> expression<span class="op">,</span> file<span class="op">,</span> line<span class="op">);</span></span>
<span id="cb14-127"><a href="#cb14-127"></a> <span class="co">// C++20 - do std::cerr << std::format(...) instead of std::println()</span></span>
<span id="cb14-128"><a href="#cb14-128"></a> <span class="co">// C++23 - use std::stacktrace::current() if needed</span></span>
<span id="cb14-129"><a href="#cb14-129"></a> <span class="op">}</span></span>
<span id="cb14-130"><a href="#cb14-130"></a><span class="op">}</span> <span class="co">// namespace detail</span></span></code></pre></div>
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