build(deps-dev): bump phpstan/phpstan from 1.12.20 to 2.1.40

Bumps [phpstan/phpstan](https://github.com/phpstan/phpstan) from 1.12.20 to 2.1.40.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/phpstan/phpstan/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/phpstan/phpstan/blob/2.2.x/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](phpstan/phpstan@1.12.20...2.1.40)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: phpstan/phpstan
  dependency-version: 2.1.40
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-major
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

Author: dependabot[bot]

composer.json

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 	},
 
 	"require-dev": {
-		"phpstan/phpstan": "^1.10",
+		"phpstan/phpstan": "^1.10 || ^2.0",
 		"phpunit/phpunit": "^10.1",
 		"phpmd/phpmd": "^2.13",
 		"squizlabs/php_codesniffer": "^3.7 || ^4.0"