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Django Forms

Form

Form is web elment that allow user to input and submit data to server. For e.g. login form, registration form, contact form etc.

GET Vs POST

  • GET: Used in getting[Fetching] data from server. Data is visible in URL.
  • POST: Used in sending data to server. Data is hidden from URL. To send sensitive data like password, use POST.

Django Forms

A form in Django is a Python class that helps you to create HTML forms. It is used to:

  • Collect user data [login, registration, contact form, feedback form]
  • Automaic Validation
  • Automatic Security
  • Save data to database or process data further

How to Create Django Form

  1. Create a new file forms.py in your app directory
  2. Import forms from django
  3. Create a class that inherits from forms.Form or forms.ModelForm
  4. Define fields in the form
  5. Use form in views.py

Example: Feedback Form

  1. Create a new file forms.py in your app directory
from django import forms

class FeedbackForm(forms.Form):
    name = forms.CharField(max_length=100, label='Your Name')
    email = forms.EmailField(label='Your Email')
    phone = forms.CharField(max_length=15, label='Your Phone')
    message = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Textarea, label='Your Message')

Here CharField means text input, EmailField means email input, Textarea means textarea input.

  1. Use form in views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from .forms import FeedbackForm

def feedback(request):
    form = FeedbackForm()
    return render(request, 'feedback.html', {'form': form})
  1. Create a template feedback.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Feedback Form</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Feedback Form</h1>
    <form method="POST">
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{ form.as_p }}
        <button type="submit">Submit</button>
    </form>
</body>
</html>
  1. Add URL in urls.py
from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('feedback/', views.feedback, name='feedback'),
]
  1. Add URL in main urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('', include('feedbackapp.urls')),
]

Make Migration and Create Superuser

  1. Make migration
python manage.py makemigrations
  1. Apply migration
python manage.py migrate
  1. Create superuser
python manage.py createsuperuser

How to Process Form Data

  1. In views.py
from django.shortcuts import render

def feedback(request):
    form = FeedbackForm()
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = FeedbackForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            name = form.cleaned_data['name']
            email = form.cleaned_data['email']
            phone = form.cleaned_data['phone']
            message = form.cleaned_data['message']
            print(name, email, phone, message)
    return render(request, 'feedback.html', {'form': form})

Form Validation

  • Django form validation is done using is_valid() method.

Save Form Data to Database

  1. Create a model in models.py
from django.db import models

class Feedback(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    email = models.EmailField()
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=15)
    message = models.TextField()
  1. Make migration and apply migration
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
  1. Save form data to database
from django.shortcuts import render
from .forms import FeedbackForm
from .models import Feedback

def feedback(request):
    form = FeedbackForm()
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = FeedbackForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            name = form.cleaned_data['name']
            email = form.cleaned_data['email']
            phone = form.cleaned_data['phone']
            message = form.cleaned_data['message']
            Feedback.objects.create(name=name, email=email, phone=phone, message=message)
    return render(request, 'feedback.html', {'form': form})

Show Success Message

from django.shortcuts import render


def feedback(request):
    form = FeedbackForm()
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = FeedbackForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            name = form.cleaned_data['name']
            email = form.cleaned_data['email']
            phone = form.cleaned_data['phone']
            message = form.cleaned_data['message']
            Feedback.objects.create(name=name, email=email, phone=phone, message=message)
            return render(request, 'success.html')
    return render(request, 'feedback.html', {'form': form})

Show Success Message HTML

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Success</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Thank You</h1>
    <p>Your feedback has been submitted successfully.</p>
</body>
</html>

Register Model in Admin

  1. In admin.py
from django.contrib import admin
from .models import Feedback

admin.site.register(Feedback)

Practice Question

Create Student Registration Form Using Django Forms Name, Email, Phone, Address, Subject, Message