Improve error handling and debug logging in ProcessProtectionManager

[CJKmkp]

Motivation

• Make the process protection code more robust by avoiding swallowed exceptions and adding lightweight debug diagnostics when lock/file operations fail.

Description

• Introduced a DebugTag constant and a helper WriteDebugLog(string, Exception) to centralize debug output via System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine.
• Replaced numerous empty catch { } blocks with catch (Exception ex) and routed error details to WriteDebugLog for failures in locking, releasing, normalization, traversal, and enabling/disabling logic.
• Replaced various direct Debug.WriteLine calls with WriteDebugLog and added short contextual messages like "释放文件锁失败", "锁定目录失败", and "启用保护失败".
• Kept original behavior of swallowing exceptions for production flow while providing more useful debug traces during development.

Testing

• Built the solution and ran the existing automated unit test suite; all tests passed successfully.

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Codex Task

[doudou0720]

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