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Add WASM support: --wasm flag with Node.js and Deno runtimes#4176

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lostflydev:scala-wasm-support
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Add WASM support: --wasm flag with Node.js and Deno runtimes#4176
lostflydev wants to merge 1 commit intoVirtusLab:mainfrom
lostflydev:scala-wasm-support

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Implements scala-cli issue #3316: integrate WebAssembly with Scala CLI.

  • --wasm CLI flag and //> using wasm directive to enable WASM output

  • --wasm-runtime <runtime> option and //> using wasmRuntime directive Supported values: node (default), deno, wasmtime, wasmedge, wasmer

  • --deno-version, --wasmtime-version, --wasmer-version options and corresponding directives for pinning runtime versions

  • Node.js (default): runs Scala.js WASM output with --experimental-wasm-exnref flag, requires Node.js >= 22

  • Deno: runs Scala.js WASM output; if not found on PATH, downloads from GitHub releases via Coursier cache

  • Wasmtime / WasmEdge / Wasmer: return UnsupportedWasmRuntimeError pending upstream Scala.js standalone WASM support (Make Scala.js Wasm backend suitable for standalone Wasm VMs (a.k.a. support "server-side Wasm") scala-js/scala-js#4991)

Implements scala-cli issue VirtusLab#3316: integrate WebAssembly with Scala CLI.

- `--wasm` CLI flag and `//> using wasm` directive to enable WASM output
- `--wasm-runtime <runtime>` option and `//> using wasmRuntime` directive
  Supported values: node (default), deno, wasmtime, wasmedge, wasmer
- `--deno-version`, `--wasmtime-version`, `--wasmer-version` options
  and corresponding directives for pinning runtime versions

- **Node.js** (default): runs Scala.js WASM output with
  `--experimental-wasm-exnref` flag, requires Node.js >= 22
- **Deno**: runs Scala.js WASM output; if not found on PATH,
  downloads from GitHub releases via Coursier cache
- **Wasmtime / WasmEdge / Wasmer**: return UnsupportedWasmRuntimeError
  pending upstream Scala.js standalone WASM support (scala-js/scala-js#4991)
@Gedochao Gedochao linked an issue Mar 11, 2026 that may be closed by this pull request
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@Gedochao
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@lostflydev I will go over the review in the coming days (this is a hefty one, might take a bit), but in the meantime - it seems the reference doc hasn't been generated.
Refer to https://github.com/VirtusLab/scala-cli/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#rules-for-a-well-formed-pr

* Deno is first looked up on the system PATH. If not found, it is downloaded from GitHub releases
* and cached via Coursier's ArchiveCache.
*/
object WasmRuntimeDownloader {
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@bishabosha bishabosha Mar 11, 2026

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what is the current behavior for scala-cli run --js foo.scala? i could be wrong but i would think it does not download a runtime

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Yeah, I also wondering the current behavior for that command.
I'm not sure about the policy on downloading the runtime through scala-cli (I personally don't like it though), but I believe downloading runtime stuff should be in different PR, because it's not very relevant to "supporing wasm".

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I'd treat WASM runtimes similar to how we treat node with Scala.js - the user needs to download it themselves, rather than Scala CLI doing it for them.

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Scala-cli has --jvm flag and downloads jvm by itself. This behaviour with wasm runtime downloading looks similar.

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@dos65 JVM is key to Scala CLI's core functionalities, and thus it's treated as a major dependency.
Node is considered necessary setup for Scala.js, similar to how clang is for Scala Native.
I understand this is blurry and vague, but I think we will expect the user to install WASM runtimes on their own, rather than do it out of the box here (certainly out of scope for this PR, but feel free to start a dedicated discussion or issue on this as a follow-up).

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@Gedochao
Actually it was impelemented because it was written in #3316 - Additionally, I'd like to be able to choose a runtime and let Scala CLI download it for me.

I don't have any preference of having this functionality - I only want to clarify if this thing really isn't required.

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You got me there. 😅
Not sure why did I define the requirements this way when creating the issue.
Will amend it there.
My bad.

* Deno is first looked up on the system PATH. If not found, it is downloaded from GitHub releases
* and cached via Coursier's ArchiveCache.
*/
object WasmRuntimeDownloader {

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Yeah, I also wondering the current behavior for that command.
I'm not sure about the policy on downloading the runtime through scala-cli (I personally don't like it though), but I believe downloading runtime stuff should be in different PR, because it's not very relevant to "supporing wasm".

Comment on lines +28 to +31
// Standalone runtimes (future - requires upstream Scala.js standalone WASM support)
case object Wasmtime extends WasmRuntime("wasmtime")
case object WasmEdge extends WasmRuntime("wasmedge")
case object Wasmer extends WasmRuntime("wasmer")
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@tanishiking tanishiking Mar 12, 2026

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If they don't work, I feel we don't need to add those options yet

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+1

@Gedochao Gedochao marked this pull request as draft March 12, 2026 09:46
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(converted to a draft, as this clearly needs more work; feel free to change it back when it's ready to review)

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Integrate WASM with Scala CLI

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