feat: sistema generico de database migrations com runner Python, auditoria e rollback

docker/postgres/init.sql

@@ -127,3 +127,31 @@ WHERE content_embedding IS NULL;
 CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_news_published_at_2025
 ON news (published_at)
 WHERE published_at >= '2025-01-01' AND published_at < '2026-01-01';
+
+-- Migration history (audit trail for database migrations)
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS migration_history (
+    id              SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
+    version         VARCHAR(10)  NOT NULL,
+    name            VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    migration_type  VARCHAR(10)  NOT NULL CHECK (migration_type IN ('sql', 'python')),
+    operation       VARCHAR(10)  NOT NULL CHECK (operation IN ('migrate', 'rollback', 'dry_run')),
+    status          VARCHAR(20)  NOT NULL CHECK (status IN ('success', 'failed', 'unavailable')),
+    started_at      TIMESTAMPTZ  NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW(),
+    finished_at     TIMESTAMPTZ,
+    duration_ms     INTEGER,
+    applied_by      TEXT NOT NULL,
+    run_id          TEXT,
+    description     TEXT,
+    execution_details JSONB,
+    error_message   TEXT
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_mh_version    ON migration_history(version);
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_mh_started_at ON migration_history(started_at DESC);
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW migration_status AS
+SELECT DISTINCT ON (version)
+    version, name, migration_type, operation, status, applied_by, started_at, duration_ms
+FROM migration_history
+WHERE status = 'success'
+ORDER BY version, started_at DESC;