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State Cache Consolidation (PR #1 of the perf stack)#21380

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State Cache Consolidation (PR #1 of the perf stack)#21380
mh0lt wants to merge 82 commits into
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mh/perf-caches-pr

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@mh0lt mh0lt commented May 23, 2026

This PR consolidates all state cache usage across all modes — sync, tip tracking, integration and testing. The intention is that after this the state cache is either on and completely trustworthy, or off to measure performance differences — not off because it unexpectedly breaks things.

Important

Do not merge until this has been run against both parallel and serial CI. The whole point of the consolidation is that the cache behaves identically across exec modes; that has to be CI-confirmed, not just locally, before this lands.

The 74 commits group into three layers that build on each other.

1. BranchCache — single aggregator-scope commitment cache

  • Aggregator-lifetime cache with pinned root + bounded LRU tail (31fdf57893, 2849165e1e, 1593f0e8c0).
  • Wired into the trie read + encoder write paths (8a2c56513e).
  • Concurrency contract documented (1593f0e8c0); divergence detector + per-block fingerprint log for verification (f87937e738, 8d6d19a3af, 87f12be644).
  • Behind the sd.mem chain so unwinds and fork-validations see consistent state (6989427ad9, 9ef3b9c6a0).
  • Explicit lifetime APIs — pin-aware Invalidate, GetWithOrigin, Clear — for the paths that need to reset cache state (6ea7ff8bb5).

2. Trunk preload pipeline

  • Recursive PreloadContractTrunk enumeration over the patricia trie (9b7c02aece).
  • Pinned tier on the cache that survives normal LRU eviction (4410704e7a).
  • Adaptive controller for promotion / extension / demotion of contract trunks (be2616e6c2, b082c93a4d).
  • Parallel file-only wave-BFS preload with per-wave budget cap (3e0154f245, 4c9968a437).
  • Resumable parallel preload + adaptive parallel-mode wiring (9db0d5955b).
  • MDBX-resident branch prefetch (phase 1) (eb0c0c5803).

3. Cache lifecycle fixes — the "trustworthy or off" guarantee

BUG #21138 — parallel-exec from-0 wrong trie root

This was the last known failing test on the branch (TestFromZero_GenesisAllocPreservedAfterResetReExec/parallel), self-labelled in the test as BUG #21138. PR #21017 explicitly listed it as an open follow-up.

Root cause

ResetExec wipes the commitment DB table but the aggregator's in-memory branchCache was holding entries that still referenced the just-deleted trie nodes. A subsequent from-0 re-exec served those stale entries when computing block 0's commitment, producing a wrong trie root and dropping every genesis-allocated balance that no later block touched. Mainnet manifestation: block 46147, address 0xA1E4380A3B1f749673E270229993eE55F35663b4.

Serial exec happened to skirt the issue; parallel exec hit it directly. The 8 genesis writes flow identically through worker → normalize → apply in both serial and parallel — the divergence is purely cache state surviving ResetExec.

Fix

21-line addition to ResetExec in execution/stagedsync/rawdbreset/reset_stages.go: after the DB-wipe block, open a BeginFilesRo to reach AggregatorRoTx.BranchCache() and call bc.Clear(). The method existed for exactly this purpose ("Use on Reset / fork-validation paths to ensure stale entries from one trie root are not served against a different root"). No caching disabled, no parallel-exec workaround — root cause addressed at the natural pairing site, in line with the PR's "trustworthy or off" intent.

Verification

=== RUN   TestFromZero_GenesisAllocPreservedAfterResetReExec
=== RUN   TestFromZero_GenesisAllocPreservedAfterResetReExec/serial
=== RUN   TestFromZero_GenesisAllocPreservedAfterResetReExec/parallel
--- PASS: TestFromZero_GenesisAllocPreservedAfterResetReExec (0.06s)
    --- PASS: TestFromZero_GenesisAllocPreservedAfterResetReExec/serial (0.04s)
    --- PASS: TestFromZero_GenesisAllocPreservedAfterResetReExec/parallel (0.02s)

Broader test surface green: db/state/..., execution/stagedsync/..., execution/execmodule/..., rpc/jsonrpc/....

State

  • Rebased onto current origin/main (50 commits behind → 0).
  • make erigon, make integration, make lint all green (0 lint issues).
  • Previously-failing tests on this branch (TestAggregator_RebuildCommitmentBasedOnFiles, TestSetHeadCanonicalCleanup, TestFromZero_GenesisAllocPreservedAfterResetReExec) all PASS.
  • PR ci: matrix-test serial vs parallel exec across the test workflows #21017's parallel-exec correctness commits (1fca63d787, 2fa4c21fc5, 572cb24590) were verified already absorbed in this stack (empty cherry-picks).

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

Mark Holt and others added 30 commits May 21, 2026 21:35
Pure refactor — behavior preserved. Splits the encoded-branch→cells
decode logic out of HexPatriciaHashed.unfoldBranchNode into a free
function DecodeBranchInto so the same code is consumed by:

  - unfoldBranchNode (existing trie unfold path)
  - future cache populators (decoded-payload BranchCache)
  - future parallel pre-unfold orchestrator (Stage E)

Today these would each have to re-derive the encoded-branch parsing
logic. Centralising it ensures one decoder, one set of edge cases, one
place to fix any bug in the on-disk format handling.

DecodeBranchInto is intentionally PURE — it does not call
deriveHashedKeys. Trie callers (which need hashed keys for the fold
state machine) follow the decode with their own keccak loop.
Cache callers can skip the derive step entirely until the cell is
consumed by the trie.

Tests:
- TestDecodeBranchInto_RoundTrip: BranchEncoder.EncodeBranch produces
  bytes that DecodeBranchInto recovers cell-for-cell. Property test
  that keeps the canonical decoder consistent with the canonical
  encoder.
- TestDecodeBranchInto_DeletedFlag: touchMap/afterMap convention with
  the deleted parameter.
- TestDecodeBranchInto_TruncatedInput: clean errors on truncated input
  (no panic).

Plus the existing commitment test suite (incl. trie-mismatch tests in
TestBranchData_*) all pass without modification, confirming the
refactor preserves unfoldBranchNode's behavior.

This is the foundation for the next refactors in the
representation-reduction track (see
agentspecs/trie-data-pipeline-complexity-tax.md): subsequent PRs will
introduce a decoded-payload cache that reads through this same
decoder, and will lift unfoldKeyPath as a per-key traversal primitive
that the warmer + future Stage E both consume.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Introduces a new BranchCache type, distinct from WarmupCache and
designed for the longer-lived caching the cross-block persistence
work needs (step 7 of the representation-reduction sequence).

Distinguishing characteristics vs WarmupCache:

  - Bounded LRU tail with configurable capacity (vs WarmupCache's
    unbounded map). Suitable for caches that outlive a single Process
    without unbounded memory growth.
  - Single pinned slot for the root branch (compact prefix [0x00]).
    Root never evicts. Atomic-pointer load/store on the hot read
    path, no lock involved.
  - dirty-flag + PutIfClean invariants — same semantics as the
    invariants added to WarmupCache in the previous commit. Lets
    cross-block writers race safely with fold updates.
  - Lazy GetDecoded — same lazy-decode pattern as WarmupCache's
    GetBranchDecoded; cells populated on first decoded-read and
    cached for subsequent reads.

NOT yet wired into the trie's read or write paths. This commit just
adds the type, with tests. The trie integration (where this cache
plugs into branchFromCacheOrDB and the encoder's PutBranch) is the
discussion point at the step 6 boundary — see the conversation
captured at this point in the representation-reduction sequence.

Today the cache is intended to be ephemeral (per-Process,
constructed alongside the trie, dies with it). Step 7 lifts the
lifetime to the aggTx level for cross-block persistence; the cache
shape (bounded LRU + pinned root + dirty-flag) is in place ahead
of that.

Tests:
- TestBranchCache_RootPinning: root branch lands in pinned slot,
  deep branches land in LRU tail; per-tier hit counters update
  independently.
- TestBranchCache_RootSurvivesEvictionPressure: root persists when
  tail is overfilled past capacity.
- TestBranchCache_DirtyFlag: PutIfClean refuses dirty entry,
  unconditional Put replaces and clears dirty.
- TestBranchCache_GetDecoded: lazy-decode round-trip with
  BranchEncoder; cells pointer reused across reads.
- TestBranchCache_Invalidate: removes from both tiers.
- TestBranchCache_Clear: empties both tiers, resets stats.
- TestBranchCache_Stats: deterministic format with per-tier counts.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Doc-only addition to BranchCache's package-level comment, capturing
the caller invariants the cache assumes and the conditions under
which the existing concurrent trie satisfies them.

Three caller invariants:
  1. Single writer per prefix at any moment.
  2. Mark-dirty-then-Put discipline for racing writers.
  3. Decoded cells from GetDecoded are read-only (alias entry storage).

The current ConcurrentPatriciaHashed satisfies all three by
construction:
  - Mounts partition by first nibble (disjoint prefix spaces, no
    cross-mount writes to the same key).
  - Root branch written by single sequential fold post-Wait.
  - Mount→root grid roll-up is rootMu-protected (in-memory grid
    only, separate from cache writes).

Doc explicitly flags that any future parallel fold redesign (Stage F
in agentspecs/stage-e-pre-unfold-design.md) MUST preserve these
invariants — particularly the single-writer-per-prefix one, which
breaks if parent branches are written incrementally as children
complete in parallel. The required coordination layer goes at the
orchestrator (per-parent atomic counter; only the last-decrementer
writes the parent), NOT inside the cache. The cache's existing
primitives (atomic dirty flag, thread-safe LRU, atomic root pointer)
are sufficient for that orchestrator to build on.

Motivation: Stage F is likely deferred because the bench data shows
fold isn't the bottleneck for the canonical SSTORE-bloat workload.
But adding the constraint to the cache later (after caching is in
production) is much harder than documenting it now — correctness
regressions from a missed coordination layer can hide for many
blocks. Documenting the contract on the cache itself ensures any
engineer touching parallel fold sees it.

No code change. Doc-only. All tests still pass.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Step 7a of the representation-reduction sequence: per-Process
integration of the BranchCache type added in the previous commit.

Plumbing:

  - Trie interface gains SetBranchCache(*BranchCache).
    HexPatriciaHashed implementation propagates to its branchEncoder.
    ConcurrentPatriciaHashed implementation propagates the SAME
    instance to root + all 16 mounts (sharing one cache is correct
    under the concurrency contract — mounts partition prefix space
    by first nibble, so cross-mount writes target distinct keys).

  - InitializeTrieAndUpdates constructs a new BranchCache(default)
    per trie instance and attaches it. Lifetime today = trie
    lifetime = per-Process. Future cross-block persistence work
    (step 7b) lifts this to aggTx scope by constructing the cache
    one layer up and passing it in.

Read path (HPH.branchFromCacheOrDB):
  L1 WarmupCache (existing) → L2 BranchCache (new) → L3 ctx.Branch.
  L3 hits with non-empty result populate L2 so subsequent reads hit
  L2 within the cache's lifetime. L1 stays first because warmup
  workers may have pre-fetched with prefix-walk-derived freshness.

Write path (BranchEncoder.CollectUpdate):
  - MarkDirty(prefix) BEFORE encode work — protects against
    concurrent warmup-style writers racing into PutIfClean during
    the encode (race documented in the cache's Concurrency Contract).
  - Put(prefixCopy, updateCopy) AFTER ctx.PutBranch succeeds —
    replaces the dirty entry with fresh canonical bytes. Single
    writer per prefix per fold step (current sequential fold +
    first-nibble mount partitioning) means no race on this Put.

Lifecycle:
  HPH.Reset clears the BranchCache when called from the root trie
  (gated by !hph.mounted). Mounted subtries share the root's cache,
  so a mount calling Clear would dump entries the root still wants.
  Carries the invariant from PR #19954 commit 1612d56.

Today's expected performance impact: minimal. Per-Process lifetime
means cache is empty at Process start, so first reads always miss.
The cache helps only branches that are read multiple times within
ONE Process — uncommon in current code paths. Step 7b is where
the real perf swing comes from (cross-block persistence so block
N reads hit branches written by block N-1).

This commit is the safe stepping stone: it validates the wire-up
end-to-end (read path + write path + concurrency contract +
lifecycle) without changing perf characteristics. Bench should
match Run I baseline (7.16 mgas/s on canonical SSTORE-bloat block).

All commitment tests pass, lint clean.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Previously the BranchCache was constructed inside InitializeTrieAndUpdates,
giving it per-SharedDomains lifetime. SharedDomains is reconstructed for
every batch / many tx boundaries — verified with logs in the prototype
(921 fresh BranchCache constructions per bench run) — so the cache started
cold every batch and never delivered the cross-block hits the design is
about. Per-Process scope kept cache-cleanup correctness simple but defeated
the whole point of caching.

Place the cache on the commitment Domain struct (one cache per aggregator,
matching the pattern on add_execution_context_with_caches where each
domain owns its valueCache). ConfigureDomains attaches the cache once
after domains are initialised — idempotent, lifetime = aggregator
lifetime. AggregatorRoTx exposes BranchCache() returning the commitment
domain's cache, so SharedDomains' construction path can fetch it without
forcing db/state/execctx to import db/state (db/state already imports
execctx via squeeze.go, so the reverse import would create a cycle).

The placeholder commitment.BranchCacheProvider interface lets the SD
construction path use a duck-typed type assertion on tx.AggTx() any.

Plumb the cache through NewSharedDomainsCommitmentContext into
InitializeTrieAndUpdates as an explicit parameter; nil falls back to a
fresh per-init cache so test helpers without an aggregator still get a
valid cache.

Reset behaviour: HexPatriciaHashed.Reset no longer calls Clear on the
cache. Aggregator-scope persistence requires the cache to survive Reset
between commitment calculations. Callers that genuinely need to
invalidate the cache (unwind, fork validation) now call ClearBranchCache
explicitly. The bench is forward-only so this is a safe change for
measurement; an explicit unwind clear path can land in a follow-up
commit when needed.
Adds two debug-gated diagnostics for cross-block-cache-lifetime
investigations. Both off by default — meant to be flipped on when a
correctness regression surfaces and you need to localise *where in the
fold path* the cache started lying, instead of waiting for a downstream
trie-root-mismatch many blocks later.

1. BRANCH_CACHE_VERIFY: branchFromCacheOrDB cross-checks every L2
   (BranchCache) hit against ctx.Branch and increments a divergence
   counter when bytes disagree. Logs the prefix and both byte forms so
   the first divergent read shows up directly in the erigon log.
   BranchCache.VerifyDivergences() exposes the count for assertion in
   tests.

2. BRANCH_CACHE_FINGERPRINT: SharedDomainsCommitmentContext.ComputeCommitment
   emits a "[cache-fp]" log at end of every compute with (block, root,
   cache fingerprint, divergence count). Two builds running the same
   workload can be diffed offline ("first block at which their fp's
   differ") to nail down the first block where lifecycle invariants
   diverged. Fingerprint is an order-independent FNV-1a fold over
   (key-hash, data-hash) pairs across both root and tail tiers.

Adds maphash.LRU.Range so the Fingerprint can iterate the LRU tail
without touching recency (Peek under the hood). The wrapper otherwise
discards original byte-keys on insert; mixing by hash instead of key is
correctness-equivalent up to hash collision, which is acceptable at the
working-set sizes here.

Motivation: today we just chased a wrong-root regression to commit
d673052 (aggregator-scope cache lifetime). Took two full bench cycles
(~12 min) to localise. With the divergence detector running, the first
divergent read would surface in the erigon log within seconds. With
fingerprint logging in two builds (one good, one regressed), the
diverging block boundary would be a single grep across two log files.
The deferred-encoding path (CollectDeferredUpdate + ApplyDeferredUpdates)
parallelises EncodeBranch + merge work at apply time. The cache
correctness consequence: between collect and apply, sd.mem holds the
old state while the cache is also unchanged. When apply finally fires
(end of Process or duplicate-prefix flush mid-Process), sd.mem
advances but the cache isn't touched — CollectDeferredUpdate doesn't
have a cache hook (and wiring one breaks
TestSharedDomain_RepeatedUnwindAcrossStepBoundary +
TestCustomTraceReceiptDomain because it violates an implicit
trie-during-Process cache stability invariant).

The result on the FV bench: cache stays at the very-first-Process's
read-side L3 fallback bytes for prefixes the trie writes, while
ctx.Branch advances to each block's actual state. Divergence on every
hot prefix (root, root-zone children) starting from block 2.

Use CollectUpdate (inline) instead. CollectUpdate writes
sd.mem + WarmupCache + BranchCache atomically at fold time via
PutBranch — cache mirrors sd.mem at every write, the trie sees its own
writes consistently, and the cross-Process cache state matches what
post-FCU MDBX commit produced. Loses the encoder's parallel-encoding
optimisation, but bench profile is I/O-bound, not encode-CPU-bound, so
the trade is favourable.

History (ETL) writes are still inline via DomainPut. Splitting that
("sd.mem inline, history queued for flush at FCU") is the proper
architectural answer to defer the slow disk work without touching the
sd.mem invariant — tracked as a follow-up.
Bisection helper: force branchFromCacheOrDB to skip the L2 BranchCache
read path entirely so every read goes via ctx.Branch (sd.mem → MDBX).
Cache writes still fire so verify-mode can keep comparing cache vs
canonical. Flipping the env at runtime distinguishes "cache holds bad
data" (bench passes further with cache reads off) from "deeper compute
bug" (same failure regardless).

Used in the 2026-05-06 investigation to confirm the cache was actively
corrupting block 13's compute on the canonical SSTORE-bloat bench: with
cache reads on, wrong-trie-root at block 13. With reads off, blocks
13-16 produce the correct roots and the bench advances to a separate
failure at block 17 (unrelated pre-existing bug).

Default off; gate via env DISABLE_BRANCH_CACHE_READS=true.
When verifyBranchCache=true and a cache hit disagrees with ctx.Branch,
sample sd.mem, sd.parent.mem, and tx-direct (MDBX) for the same prefix
and dump all layers in the divergence log line. Comparing those four
byte sequences against the cached and canonical bytes pinpoints which
state layer holds the bytes the cache disagrees with — the rewriter we
need to identify before fixing the canonical-store-divergence bugs the
cache currently exposes.

Decision matrix (read off the log line):

- cache != tx, sd.mem == cache → in-memory writer is fresh, MDBX is
  stale (commit-timing issue).
- cache != tx, tx == ctx.Branch, sd.mem != cache, parent.mem != cache
  → MDBX has been rewritten by something outside the CollectUpdate
  write path (collation, file build, squeeze).
- cache != ctx.Branch, parent.mem matches ctx.Branch but sd.mem doesn't
  → parent merge is the source.
- cache != ctx.Branch, all of sd.mem / parent.mem / tx == ctx.Branch
  → cache itself was populated incorrectly (write-side bug).

Three changes:

1. SharedDomains.ProbeReadLayers (db/state/execctx/domain_shared.go):
   public method that samples sd.mem, sd.parent.mem (private field
   accessed from the same package), and tx.GetLatest. Read-only; copies
   bytes so callers can hold them past tx lifetime.

2. TrieContext (execution/commitment/commitmentdb/commitment_context.go):
   add probeSd + probeTx fields populated at trieContext()
   construction; expose ProbeStateLayers method that delegates to
   sd.ProbeReadLayers. The local `sd` interface gets the
   ProbeReadLayers method too so the duck-typed reference can call it
   without an import cycle to execctx.

3. branchFromCacheOrDB log site (execution/commitment/hex_patricia_hashed.go):
   on divergence with verifyBranchCache, type-assert ctx for the probe
   interface and append sd_mem / parent_mem / mdbx fields to the log
   line. Existing field shape preserved for log parsers; new fields
   are additive.

Pre-existing test failures
(TestSharedDomain_RepeatedUnwindAcrossStepBoundary,
TestValidateChainAndUpdateForkChoiceWithSideForksThatGoBackAndForwardInHeight)
are unchanged — they were failing on the stack before this probe
landed and are part of what the divergence work is meant to localise.
Per-write provenance for divergence-detection diagnostics. When a
divergence fires (cache hit disagrees with ctx.Branch), we now log
which write site produced the cached bytes and when, so we can
correlate the bad write against the FCU / build / step timeline.

Tag fields added to branchCacheEntry:
- origin       short label of the write site (e.g. "CollectUpdate",
               "L3-fallback-read")
- writeSeq     monotonic counter per BranchCache instance
- writeTimeNanos unix nanos at write time

Put / PutIfClean signatures take an origin string. Two writers
updated:
- BranchEncoder.CollectUpdate → "CollectUpdate"
- branchFromCacheOrDB L3-fallback Put → "L3-fallback-read"

GetWithOrigin returns bytes plus the metadata; uses a non-counting
peek so it can be called alongside Get without double-counting hits.

The divergence-detection log site at branchFromCacheOrDB now appends
cache_origin / cache_seq / cache_t_ns fields. Combine with the
existing sd_mem / parent_mem / mdbx fields to localise both who wrote
the stale bytes and which layer the canonical value lives in.

Pre-existing test failures
(TestValidateChainAndUpdateForkChoiceWithSideForksThatGoBackAndForwardInHeight)
are unchanged from previous commits.
BranchCache previously sat in front of the sd.mem -> parent.mem -> MDBX
read chain (consulted in branchFromCacheOrDB before ctx.Branch). The
shared aggregator-scope cache was written from CollectUpdate by every
SD running commitment compute, including fork-validator SDs whose
writes never reach MDBX. Origin-tagged probe (run-step7b-probe-sdid)
showed five distinct SD pointers writing the same prefix to a single
cache entry, so any reader whose lineage didn't match the most-recent
writer saw bytes that disagreed with MDBX -> wrong trie root from
block 13 onward in the canonical SSTORE-bloat fork bench.

Layering after this change:

  Read:  sd.mem -> sd.parent.mem -> branchCache -> aggTx (MDBX)
  Write: sd.mem only (DomainPut path)
  Flush: sd.mem -> MDBX, then branchCache.Clear()

The cache now mirrors MDBX-flushed bytes only. Writers' in-flight bytes
live in sd.mem above; cache hits below sd.mem are always equivalent to
reading MDBX, so cross-SD pollution is impossible by construction.
Cache fills lazily on the MDBX-read path inside sd.GetLatest, and
clear-on-flush prevents pre-flush bytes from coexisting with new MDBX
state. Per-key invalidation is a follow-up (PR2).

BranchCache entries gain a step field so Get returns (data, step, ok)
matching the aggTx contract. Without this, sd.GetLatest's cache hit
returned step=0 and CheckDataAvailable rejected the boot SeekCommitment
with "commitment state out of date".

Removed:
  - cache.Put from CollectUpdate (commitment.go)
  - cache.Put + divergence detection from branchFromCacheOrDB
    (hex_patricia_hashed.go); now just calls ctx.Branch
  - L3-fallback Put (cache fills via sd.GetLatest now)

Validated on canonical cold bench (run-step8b): first FCU VALID, all
payloads through end VALID, 0 cache divergences, 0 wrong-root errors.
Prior probe bench had 23 divergences and INVALID payloads from the
fail block onward.

Probe scaffolding (SiteIdentity, ProbeStateLayers, divergence counters)
left in place for now; can be stripped in a cleanup follow-up.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
…ache state

Update the BranchCache type comment to reflect the architectural
state after the WarmupCache consolidation (steps 2a-2c, 3, 4):

- BranchCache is the single branch cache (WarmupCache deleted)
- Aggregator-scope lifetime, plumbed via BranchCacheProvider
- Passive store: cache itself never reaches into underlying state
- Branch warmer is branch-scoped; no leaf-data prefetch
- Block-processing trie walker takes Updates from executor +
  memoization for siblings — no prefetch needed
- Witness / proof generation walker drives its own state reads;
  if that path turns out to be cold-bound it indicates a need for
  separate account/storage caches (treat as separate concern with
  different scope/lifetime/invalidation; do not regrow the branch
  warmer to cover it)
- disk_sto / disk_acc counters on cache-fp log surface any
  unexpected fall-through to ctx.Account / ctx.Storage as a signal
  of memoization gap or missing walker-side prefetch

Doc-only; no behaviour change.
Adds a third cache tier between the root-pin slot and the LRU tail:
a per-prefix pinned map fed by PinEntry. Pinned entries:

- Never evict (no LRU pressure on this tier).
- Are checked in lookup before the LRU tail, after the root slot.
- Survive Put/SD.Flush updates: a Put for a pinned prefix updates
  the pinned entry in place rather than displacing it. Cross-block
  correctness via the existing dirty-flag invalidation discipline
  is preserved — the new bytes land in the same pinned slot.
- Carry the same metadata as Put-tier entries (step, origin,
  writeSeq, writeTimeNanos) so divergence-detection and Stats
  treat them uniformly.

Sized by the preload policy. Intended consumer is the storage
trunk preload for big contracts (the 'storage root trunk cache for
big accounts' direction): per-contract trunk branches at depth
65-70 get pinned at SD/cache creation, persist for the cache's
lifetime.

PinEntry is the public API; pinnedHits/pinnedMisses atomic
counters are the new stats. PinnedCount() exposes current size for
observability.

Step 2 of the storage-trunk pin prototype.
Adds a function to pre-pin commitment branches for a given contract's
storage subtree. Walks the trie depth-by-depth from depth 64
(storage subtree root) down to maxDepth: reads each branch via the
supplied CommitmentReader, pins it via BranchCache.PinEntry, decodes
the child bitmap, and recurses only into children that actually
exist (no blind 16-way probing).

contractHash is keccak256(address); the trunk lives at the prefix
corresponding to the first 64 nibbles of the storage path.

For a dense storage subtree (the SSTORE-bloat workload's bloat
contract), expected pin count is ~16 + 256 + 4096 ≈ 4.4 K branches
at depth 65/66/67, plus the root at depth 64. Sparse subtrees
produce fewer.

Loading strategy: per-prefix lookups via the reader. Simplest
correct implementation. A bulk seg.Getter range-scan over sorted
.kv would amortize disk seeks (per the parity-cluster observation
in the consolidation memo) but requires building a prefix-range
API on top of recsplit; defer until per-prefix lookup is shown
to bottleneck.

Step 3 of the storage-trunk pin prototype.
Adds a SharedDomains constructor hook that, when PIN_CONTRACT_TRUNKS is
set, fires a one-shot background goroutine to preload the
storage-subtree-trunk of each listed contract into BranchCache's
pinned tier. Format: comma-separated list of 64-hex-char contract
hashes (each is keccak256(addr)).

Mechanism:
- BranchCache.TryClaimPreload (atomic CAS) ensures the goroutine fires
  exactly once per cache lifetime, even though many SDs may be
  constructed (per-tx instances etc.).
- Goroutine wraps sd.GetLatest as a CommitmentReader and calls
  commitment.PreloadContractTrunk for each contract hash, depth 64-70.
- Logs progress per contract on completion.

Closure-over-(sd, tx) is the prototype shape — works for the bench
(both live for the whole process). Production deployment needs to
revisit the lifetime — sd's tx may not outlive the goroutine.

Step 4 of the storage-trunk pin prototype. Bench measurement is
the next step (commit 5).
Previous async-goroutine shape (d204c1b) shared the SD's MDBX
tx with the calling thread. Concurrent cursor use under the same
tx tripped Go's cgo-pointer-pinning runtime check:

  panic: runtime error: cgo argument has Go pointer to unpinned
  Go pointer

surfacing in an unrelated PruneBlocks goroutine during boot.

Make the preload synchronous in the SD constructor for now: same
TryClaimPreload guard (fires once per cache lifetime), but no
goroutine. Boot pays the per-contract preload time as a one-off.

Background-with-own-tx is the proper shape and remains a
follow-up; owning the SD's tx exclusively for the preload
duration is the safe shape until that lands.
… cap

The previous bench (run-pin-trunk-instrumented-cold-cgroup-191347)
hung at SD construction with no [trunk-preload] log lines for 5+
minutes. Erigon never reached "engine RPC ready" so all blocks
came in as SYNCING.

Two changes to localise + bound:

1. **Localisation**: add INFO logs at triggerTrunkPreload entry,
   per-contract starting/done with took, and a 500-prefix
   progress log inside PreloadContractTrunk. Whatever it does
   (or hangs on) is now observable.

2. **Bound**: cap PreloadContractTrunk at 10000 branches
   (vs ~4.4K expected for a saturated 4-level subtree at
   maxDepth=67). Drops maxDepth from 70 → 67 in the trigger
   (depth 64-67 = 16+256+4096 max branches) so we don't
   recurse into the per-slot tail where pinning has no value.
   Preload fails-fast on pathological subtrees rather than
   blocking SD construction indefinitely.
The previous shape (d204c1b) ran triggerTrunkPreload BEFORE
sd.SeekCommitment in NewSharedDomains. Bench result: when the
preload fired (PIN_CONTRACT_TRUNKS set), every subsequent block
came back SYNCING — engine kept attempting backward-download which
fails on this peerless setup, no block ever validated, no cache-fp
ever fired. Without the preload firing, the same binary works
fine (verify-bench PASS at 3.26s).

Hypothesis (untested but matches the symptom): preload's
sd.GetLatest reads ran before SeekCommitment had resolved the SD's
view of the chain head. Pinned values were therefore inconsistent
with the committed state, and the trie compute on the first block
got wrong root → SYNCING → backward-download → no peers → death
spiral with no Flush ever updating the (stale) pinned entries.

Fix is mechanical: move the preload call to after SeekCommitment.
The TryClaimPreload guard still ensures fire-once-per-cache
lifetime.

If subsequent bench shows pin_count > 0 + pin_hit > 0 + blocks
validating normally, the hypothesis is confirmed; if SYNCING
repeats, the bug is something else and we need to revert and
debug differently.
…ParaTrieDB

Previous prototype iterations both broke block validation:
  1. Async sharing the SD's MDBX tx (d204c1b) → cgo
     "unpinned Go pointer" panic from concurrent cursor use.
  2. Synchronous from NewSharedDomains (5a81976 / 4c9ead456d) →
     blocked the engine HTTP handler for ~3-4s during the preload
     window, causing the bench's first NewPayload to be dropped.
     Confirmed: the bench's height=24358001 is ABSENT from the
     erigon log; the next received block (24358002) then fails
     backward-download (no peers) → SYNCING forever.

Restructure:
  - Move trigger from NewSharedDomains to EnableParaTrieDB. The
    latter is called from the staged-sync exec-stage init, NOT
    from request handlers, AND has access to a kv.TemporalRoDB.
  - triggerTrunkPreload now takes the DB (not a tx) and spawns
    a goroutine that opens its OWN tx via db.BeginTemporalRo.
    No shared cursors with the main pipeline; no blocking the
    engine.
  - Reader uses tx.GetLatest directly (not sd.GetLatest) — the SD
    layering would re-introduce shared-state risk and isn't needed
    (pinned bytes don't depend on sd.mem state).

Same TryClaimPreload guard ensures the preload fires once per
BranchCache lifetime regardless of how many SDs construct.

If this works the bench should:
  - Show [trunk-preload] log lines firing once
  - Pin ~4369 branches
  - TEST block cache-fp shows pin_hit > 0 and files_comm < 1K
  - All blocks validate normally (no SYNCING failure)
Make the trunk-pin maxDepth configurable via env (default 67) so we can
sweep depths to find the memory/perf sweet spot without rebuilding.
Bump the per-contract maxBranches cap from 10K to 200K so deeper
saturated subtrees don't get truncated mid-walk.
The previous code disabled the Warmuper for the parallel commitment path
out of concern that it would interact with the calculator's SetUpdates
call. In practice the Warmuper's reads are independent of the
calculator's update buffer — they pre-fetch branch data while EVM
execution runs, and the calculator's SetUpdates only affects
ComputeCommitment's input set, not the warmup paths.

Re-enabling produces a measured 8× throughput improvement on the
perf-devnet-3 SSTORE-bloated benchmark (block 24358306, the canonical
fixture for #20920), restoring the win first observed in Run H/I of the
trie-perf investigation.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Adds atomic counters (branch hit/miss/evict + bytes-served, account
hit/miss, storage hit/miss) to WarmupCache, plus a Stats() string
formatter and ResetStats() for per-Process accumulation reset. Counters
are updated on every Get/Evict path (existing Put paths were already
counted via cache size).

Useful for:
- Confirming warmup effectiveness in production logs
- Per-block diagnostics when investigating commitment perf
- Future per-pool dashboards once a coordinator/observability layer
  lands (tracked separately)

No behavior change beyond the counter updates themselves. Stats() format
is one line, suitable for embedding in the existing
LogCommitments output. ResetStats() zeros counters without touching
cached data — useful for per-Process windowed measurement. Clear() also
resets counters along with the data, since data and counters were
accumulated together.

Test: TestWarmupCache_Stats covers hit/miss/evict accounting across
branch/account/storage paths and verifies Stats() format + ResetStats()
preserves data.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Pure refactor — behavior preserved. Lifts the unfold-loop from
HexPatriciaHashed.followAndUpdate into its own method, parameterized
over (hashedKey, plainKey) and intended as the per-key traversal
primitive that future orchestrators consume.

Today only followAndUpdate calls it, replacing the inline loop with a
one-line call. The extracted method preserves the existing metric
attribution (StartUnfolding) and trace-print behavior verbatim.

Why now: this is the second step in the representation-reduction
sequence (see agentspecs/trie-data-pipeline-complexity-tax.md). Future
PRs will introduce orchestrators that drive unfold-only walks of
touched-key paths to fill cell state without going through the full
fold/update cycle:

  - Cache populator (decoded-payload BranchCache) needs to walk a
    touched-key path and capture the cells encountered, without
    triggering fold or modifying the trie's update buffer.
  - Stage E parallel pre-unfold orchestrator drives unfoldKeyPath
    across multiple HexPatriciaHashed instances concurrently to
    pre-warm trie state before commit.

Both consume the same primitive. Centralising it now means each future
orchestrator is a thin wrapper rather than a duplicate of the
unfold-loop logic.

Tests: full commitment test suite passes without modification (all 8+
test files in execution/commitment/), confirming the refactor preserves
followAndUpdate's behavior.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Adds the carry-as-is correctness invariants from the PR #19954
investigation as scaffolding on the existing WarmupCache:

  - branchEntry.dirty atomic.Bool — signals "stale until cleared"
  - PutBranchIfClean(prefix, data) bool — skips write if entry dirty
  - MarkBranchDirty(prefix) — mark for later refusal of stale puts

These are scaffolding additions; no callsites use them yet. Existing
PutBranch unconditionally overwrites and clears any prior dirty flag
(creates a fresh entry), preserving today's semantic exactly for
existing callers.

Why now: the prototype investigation (see
agentspecs/commitment-cache-prototype-dev-context.md) found that
inline-invalidate-on-write is incompatible with deferred encoding —
update-in-place breaks correctness because there's a window between
fold (computes hash, holds new state) and encoder (writes encoded
bytes) where readers see stale cached bytes. The reth-research
(agentspecs/reth-1ggas-research.md §4) calls the dirty-flag pattern
out as the design that resolves this without forcing synchronous
encoding: the encoder marks the entry dirty BEFORE its own write
completes, so any racing read knows to bypass the cache for that key.

Today's WarmupCache lifecycle (per-Process, warmup completes before
fold begins) does NOT exhibit this race — these invariants are
infrastructure for the future cross-block persistence work where
warmup-style writers can outlive their parent Process.

Tests:
- TestWarmupCache_DirtyFlag: PutBranchIfClean refuses dirty entry,
  unconditional PutBranch clears dirty.
- TestWarmupCache_DirtyFlag_MarkAbsentKey: marking absent key is
  no-op (no panic, no entry created).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Adds an additive read method that returns cached branches in already-
decoded form, lazy-decoding on first decoded-read per entry and caching
the parsed cells for subsequent reads. No existing callsite changes;
existing GetBranch / GetAndEvictBranch / PutBranch callers continue to
work with encoded bytes unchanged.

Why now: this is step 5 of the representation-reduction sequence (see
agentspecs/trie-data-pipeline-complexity-tax.md). The trie's read path
currently does GetBranch (encoded) + DecodeBranchInto on every cache
hit — paying decode CPU on every read. Switching that callsite to
GetBranchDecoded (in a separate later commit) eliminates the redundant
decode.

The ENCODED form remains the source of truth — the encoder needs it
for the merge-with-prev step, and it's what gets written to disk via
PutBranch. The decoded form is derived lazily and cached alongside
the entry. When PutBranch overwrites an entry, the new entry starts
fresh and the next decoded read re-derives from the new bytes.

API design notes:
- Returns (bitmap, *[16]cell, ok). Caller derives touchMap/afterMap
  from bitmap based on its own deleted-vs-present-after context — the
  cache stores cells independent of that context so the same entry
  serves both readers.
- The returned *[16]cell aliases entry-owned storage. Read-only
  consumption is safe across concurrent calls (decode runs at most
  once per entry via sync.Once); MUST NOT be modified in place.
- Decode error → ok=false (don't count as hit OR miss; caller falls
  through to canonical re-read).

Tests:
- TestWarmupCache_GetBranchDecoded: round-trip equality with direct
  DecodeBranchInto, plus same-pointer reuse on repeat reads.
- TestWarmupCache_GetBranchDecoded_Miss: behaves like GetBranch on
  absent keys.
- TestWarmupCache_GetBranchDecoded_TruncatedData: graceful failure
  on corrupt entry (no panic).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
…ng payloads

Closes a timing hole that surfaced once we wired the aggregator-scope
BranchCache: between an FCU completing and the next newPayload, MDBX
hasn't been committed yet (RunLoop's CommitCycle only fires under
memory pressure), but currentContext.mem holds the latest writes from
MergeExtendingFork. The fresh doms created in ValidateChain has no
parent and a fresh roTx, so its ctx.Branch reads stale-MDBX while the
aggregator-scope BranchCache (populated by the prior FV's
CollectUpdate writes) holds the fresh state. That's the cross-newPayload
divergence pattern observed in the bench (8-61 divergences and
wrong-trie-root errors at block 3-14 across runs).

Set doms.SetParent(currentContext) when the new payload extends the
current canonical head (header.ParentHash == ReadHeadBlockHash). For
fork payloads that don't extend head, leave parent unset:
unwindToCommonCanonical below reverts doms's view to the common
ancestor, and exposing currentContext.mem (post-divergence canonical
writes) via the parent chain would shadow the unwound base and break
fork validation. Verified by TestReorgsWithInsertChain — the
"head-only" predicate is what the current single-canonical-chain SD
topology supports.

A proper per-branch SD lineage (each fork's validation chains to the
last validated SD on its own branch, not always currentContext) is the
follow-up needed for concurrent multi-fork validation. The current
design supports a single canonical chain only; that's enough to close
the divergence we have today, with the lineage extension tracked
separately.
Foundation for the "Snapshot vs MDBX read-cost equivalence"
investigation (memory: snapshot-vs-mdbx-performance-equivalence.md).

This file produces the headline ratio that quantifies the gap the
investigation aims to close: warm-cache reads from snapshot .kv files
should cost the same as warm-cache reads from MDBX (same disk, same
page cache). H0 measures how far apart they are today.

Five sub-benches:
  - MDBX_path        full chain, key in MDBX
  - File_path        full chain, key in file
  - Forced_file_path file-only debug path, file-resident keys
  - Forced_db_path   DB-only debug path, MDBX-resident keys
  - Bloom_miss_path  file-only debug path, MDBX-resident keys
                     (file misses in xorfilter for every probe)

Two operating modes; only synthetic is wired in this commit:

  - Synthetic (testDbAndAggregatorBench fixture): writes 64 full
    16-tx steps, BuildFiles + repeated PruneSmallBatches drains all
    but the tip step into files. Phase 2 keys at txNums past the
    built-step boundary stay in MDBX. Partition by *actual* residency
    after setup so bench inputs match where keys really live.

  - Real-datadir (--snapdatadir flag): TODO. Opens an existing
    chaindata+snapshots datadir read-only and picks keys via cursor
    iteration / .kv decompressor walk. Required for production-
    relevant numbers since synthetic has tiny files and small values.

Initial synthetic results on AMD EPYC 4244P (Accounts domain):
  MDBX_path        173 ns/op
  File_path        226 ns/op   (1.31x MDBX)
  Forced_file_path  30 ns/op
  Forced_db_path   158 ns/op
  Bloom_miss_path   30 ns/op

Synthetic dataset is too small to surface the production gap that
pprof shows (xorfilter at 35% CPU on real bloat workload). H1-H4
benches and the real-datadir mode are the next steps.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Adds the --snapdatadir flag path to the H0 bench. Opens an existing
chaindata + snapshots datadir read-only via the same recipe as
cmd/integration (mdbx Accede + state.New + temporal.New) and picks
keys by cursor-walking the per-domain values table.

Pragmatic adjustments:

  - On heavily-pruned production datadirs (perf-devnet-3-run was
    100% pruned), every MDBX values-table row is step-shadowed by a
    file, so getLatestFromDb returns ok=false. The MDBX-side
    sub-benches skip in this case; File_path numbers stand on their
    own and the synthetic MDBX_path baseline serves as the cross-
    mode comparator.

  - skipIfEmpty short-circuits per sub-bench rather than failing the
    whole run, so we can still get the file-path numbers.

First production numbers (AMD EPYC 4244P, AccountsDomain, 2012
file-resident keys from perf-devnet-3-run, fully pruned):

  File_path        211 ns/op   (synthetic was 226; essentially same)
  Forced_file_path  30 ns/op   (synthetic was 30; identical)

Surprising finding: real .kv file reads cost the same as synthetic.
This means production bloat-workload bottleneck is NOT in
getLatestFromFiles — it must be in HistorySeek (.ef history files
walked by HistoryStateReader.GetAsOf). The GetAsOf shortcut work
flagged in getasof-regression-suspect.md is the right lead.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Two related additions to the snapshot-vs-MDBX perf-equivalence
investigation (memory: snapshot-vs-mdbx-performance-equivalence.md):

1. H_GetAsOf bench (db/state/snapshot_vs_mdbx_bench_test.go).
   New runHGetAsOf with four sub-benches for HistorySeek-via-GetAsOf
   on file-resident keys: GetLatest_baseline, GetAsOf_recent (asOf
   near endTxNum), GetAsOf_mid (asOf at endTxNum/2), GetAsOf_floor
   (asOf=1). Tests the path the calculator's HistoryStateReader.Read
   uses, which is distinct from getLatestFromFiles measured in H0.

   Real-datadir results on perf-devnet-3 (AccountsDomain, endTxNum=2.9B):
     GetLatest_baseline 202 ns/op   0 allocs
     GetAsOf_recent     570 ns/op   0 allocs   <- 2.8x baseline, no result
     GetAsOf_mid        235 ns/op   5 allocs
     GetAsOf_floor      196 ns/op   4 allocs

   GetAsOf_recent (the calculator's pattern after PR #21010) scans
   the .ef looking for a record at-or-after endTxNum-1, finds none
   (most keys haven't changed in the last txNum), falls through to
   GetLatest. The 370ns/op overhead vs GetLatest is wasted scan.
   Confirms the GetAsOf shortcut described in
   getasof-regression-suspect.md as a real lever, though small in
   absolute terms (~2ms/block on the bloat workload).

2. Surface "took" + "keys" on the existing [commitment][cache-fp]
   Info log line (commitmentdb). Was already computed in the
   debug-level "[commitment] processed" log, but the bench runs with
   --log.dir.disable so debug logs aren't captured.

   This made it possible to attribute the 4.3s gap inside
   newPayload(TEST block) directly: the calculator's ComputeCommitment
   takes 4220ms for the 5910-key bloat block — 91% of the entire
   block wall time. Per-key cost is ~700us, consistent across blocks
   of all sizes. The actual perf lever for the bloat workload is
   making per-branch ComputeCommitment cheaper, not file/state reads.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Adds three groups of fields to the existing
[commitment][cache-fp] log line so the calculator's per-block
behaviour is observable at Info level (the bench runs with
--log.dir.disable, so debug logs aren't captured):

  - took, keys: ComputeCommitment wall + key-count for the block.
    Pre-existing internally, now surfaced.
  - load, skipped, reset: process-cumulative counts of
    computeCellHash decisions:
      * load    = had no memoized stateHash, fetched value from DB
      * skipped = had memoized stateHash, reused without fetch
      * reset   = had stateHash but had to invalidate it
    Surfaced via new commitment.SkipLoadResetCounters().
  - files_acc / files_sto / files_code / files_comm: per-domain
    file-read counts pulled from sd.Metrics().Domains[domain].
    Decomposes the aggregate `files=N` from the [domain reads]
    log line into its actual sources (e.g. on the SSTORE-bloated
    block the 32k file reads break down as 5.9k Storage value
    loads + 26.6k Commitment branch reads + a handful of others).

All counters are cumulative; per-block deltas are obtained by
subtracting consecutive cache-fp lines.

Pure observability — no behaviour change. Used as the measurement
framework for the snapshot-vs-MDBX perf-equivalence investigation
and the follow-on commits that target specific levers.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Mark Holt and others added 2 commits May 23, 2026 18:19
ResetExec wipes the commitment table but the aggregator's in-memory
branchCache was holding entries that referenced the just-deleted trie
nodes. A from-0 re-exec then served those stale entries when computing
block 0's commitment, producing a wrong trie root and dropping every
genesis-allocated balance that no subsequent block touched.

Serial exec happened to skirt the issue; parallel exec hit it directly
(test_account_access/EXTCODESIZE-contract behaviour on mainnet block
46147 against 0xA1E4380A3B1f749673E270229993eE55F35663b4, and the
TestFromZero_GenesisAllocPreservedAfterResetReExec parallel subtest).

Drop the cache as part of ResetExec so it repopulates from the freshly-
wiped commitment table.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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mh0lt commented May 23, 2026

Handoff: investigation pointers for the 22 CI failures

Posting these here so anyone picking up the investigation has a self-contained starting point.

What's failing

22 of 68 checks on PR HEAD f151829dca. All 22 are eest-spec-tests / eest-spec-enginextests-* variants (benchmark 1m/5m/10m/30m/60m/100m/150m × parallel/sequential, plus stable parallel + sequential, statetests stable + devnet, plus ci-gate aggregator). Each produces the same error, repeated in a retry loop:

[EROR] [5/5 Execution] Wrong trie root of block 1
        got      1fba572808f179cdeba16a954d35c390af594b4ccf0fbdc537713468218aea31
        expected ef5a9a5b0a0c67e8c3b2e82e89a8cb91e41770955a4f47792c322d2b1e7f141d

Pull a fresh job log:

gh api repos/erigontech/erigon/actions/jobs/77542070364/logs \
  | grep -E "Wrong trie root|invalid block|panic|FAIL" | head -20

Failing CI run: https://github.com/erigontech/erigon/actions/runs/26340677958

The 3 hive failures on the same run are a different shape — go-ethereum build/dep noise, not the trie-root regression. Ignore them for this investigation.

Diagnosis done already

Main is green for the same tests:

gh api repos/erigontech/erigon/commits/ff47bb5bce/check-runs --paginate \
  --jq '[.check_runs[] | select(.name | startswith("eest-spec-tests"))] |
        {failure: map(select(.conclusion=="failure")) | length,
         success: map(select(.conclusion=="success")) | length,
         total: length}'
# → {"failure":0,"success":31,"total":31}

So the cause is in the 74 commits the PR is ahead of main, not on main itself.

The newest commit on the PR (f151829dca, the BUG #21138 fix in ResetExec) is exonerated. That fix only changes execution/stagedsync/rawdbreset/reset_stages.go::ResetExec. Callers of that function:

grep -rn "rawdbreset\.ResetExec" --include="*.go"
# cmd/integration/commands/stages.go:643          (integration tool)
# db/test/domains_restart_test.go:220, 383        (its unit test)
# execution/execmodule/execmoduletester/from0_genesis_internal_test.go:132  (verifies #21138)

The EEST runner is cmd/evm/enginexrunner.goengineapitester.EngineXTestRunner (engine-API path). It does not call ResetExec. Don't revert f151829dca — it fixes a separate, verified bug (#21138).

The suspect family — BranchCache lifecycle

The error pattern ("wrong trie root of block 1 in engine-API runner") points at state-installation-into-SharedDomains at the genesis→block-1 boundary. Top suspects from the 73 pre-fix commits, most recent first:

sha subject
b2a9d649aa db/state/execctx, execution/execmodule: clear BranchCache on SetHead unwind
ae9b3f3ebb execution/commitment: keep the trie checkpoint key out of BranchCache
3065d89b9a execution: parent fork-validation SD into the canonical generation
9ef3b9c6a0 state/execctx: invalidate stale BranchCache entries on SD.Unwind
733dad5385 execmodule: chain ValidateChain SD to currentContext for head-extending payloads

These commits originated on mh/all-stack; they were never CI'd against post-#21027 main before this push. Main's commit 12113dd93b cmd/evm: add enginexrunner alongside staterunner and blockrunner (#21027) introduced the EEST runner that this PR's CI now exercises. So this is a new combination: cache stack × enginexrunner.

Bisection plan

Step 1 — repro locally (optional but faster than CI for narrow)

git fetch origin mh/perf-caches-pr
git worktree add /tmp/wt-pr21380 mh/perf-caches-pr
cd /tmp/wt-pr21380
make erigon  # we've verified this builds
# Drive a small enginextest fixture through ./build/bin/erigon enginextest <fixture>
# Expected output: 'wrong trie root of block 1' error.
# If local repro is slow, skip to Step 2 (CI dispatch via probe branches).

Step 2 — revert the BranchCache lifecycle family as a unit

cd /tmp/wt-pr21380
git checkout -b mh/issue21380-probe-revert-branchcache-family
# Newest first (in case of dependencies between them):
git revert --no-edit b2a9d649aa
git revert --no-edit ae9b3f3ebb
git revert --no-edit 3065d89b9a
git revert --no-edit 9ef3b9c6a0
git revert --no-edit 733dad5385
# If conflicts get hairy, use `git rebase -i` with `drop` lines instead.
make erigon && make lint
git push -u origin mh/issue21380-probe-revert-branchcache-family
gh pr create --base main --head mh/issue21380-probe-revert-branchcache-family \
  --title "[PROBE-ONLY] revert BranchCache lifecycle family — investigates #21380 EEST regression" \
  --body "Probe for the suspect family in #21380. Do not merge."

If the EEST jobs pass on the probe → cause is in those 5 commits; go to Step 3.
If they still fail → widen the revert. Next-most-suspect: the trunk-preload pipeline (9b7c02aece, 4410704e7a, be2616e6c2, b082c93a4d, 3e0154f245, 4c9968a437, 9db0d5955b, eb0c0c5803).

Step 3 — narrow within the suspect family

Re-add each suspect commit one at a time on top of the all-reverted branch. The commit whose re-addition flips CI back to red is the culprit (or part of a pair — re-add pairs if single re-adds all pass).

git checkout mh/issue21380-probe-revert-branchcache-family
git checkout -b mh/issue21380-probe-restore-733dad5385
git cherry-pick 733dad5385  # oldest first — least likely to depend on others
git push -u origin mh/issue21380-probe-restore-733dad5385
gh pr create ...

Step 4 — fix properly

The bug is almost certainly cache state not matching DB state at the genesis→block-1 boundary on the engine-API path. The fix template — verified working for the analogous #21138 (which sat at the same boundary on the integration-tool path) — was: invalidate the relevant cache at the lifecycle event that produces the mismatch. Do not disable the cache — per the framing in this PR's body ("on and completely trustworthy, or off to measure performance differences, not off because it unexpectedly breaks things"), turning caching off is not an acceptable fix.

The EEST runner constructs short-lived nodes through engineapitester.EngineXTestRunner; check whether the failure is on the second-and-subsequent test in a multi-test fixture (state from test N leaking into test N+1's genesis) — that would point at a missing cache-clear between tests, exactly parallel to ResetExec.

Relevant files:

Step 5 — push the fix

git checkout mh/perf-caches-pr
git merge <your-fix-branch>   # or cherry-pick the single fix commit
make lint && make erigon integration
git push origin mh/perf-caches-pr

CI re-runs on this PR automatically. Confirm EEST is green before declaring done.

Reference SHAs

When done

Post the culprit commit + fix as a comment back on this PR. The merge-gating [!IMPORTANT] note in the PR body still applies: both parallel and serial CI must be green before merge.

@mh0lt
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mh0lt commented May 23, 2026

Picking this up. Step 2 of the bisection plan done — probe-revert PR at #21381 reverts the 5 BranchCache lifecycle suspects as a unit, on top of current #21380 HEAD (`f151829dca`).

All 5 reverts applied cleanly, `make erigon` / `make integration` / `make lint` clean.

Waiting on its CI to land. Will report back here with:

  • If EEST is green → narrow within the 5 (cherry-pick back one-at-a-time on `mh/issue21380-probe-restore-` branches per Step 3).
  • If EEST is still red → widen to the trunk-preload pipeline family per the handoff.

I'll edit the PR with the culprit + fix once narrowed.

Mark Holt and others added 2 commits May 23, 2026 20:01
The default came from `runtime.NumCPU()` which puts a worker on every
visible core. The apply loop, FCU, GC, and other background goroutines
end up fighting workers for runqueue slots, and the contention shows up
as wall-time variance on every busy core. Drop the default by one so
those non-worker goroutines have somewhere to land without preempting a
worker.

Floored at 1 for single-core environments. Override via EXEC3_WORKERS=N.

Also removes the stale 'only half of CPU' comment on
ethconfig.Defaults.Sync.ExecWorkerCount, which has been wrong since the
default became NumCPU().

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>
@mh0lt
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mh0lt commented May 23, 2026

Probe-1 result (#21381): the 5 BranchCache-lifecycle reverts did not clear EEST. Same deterministic `1fba572808...` vs `ef5a9a5b...` failure. So those 5 are exonerated, and the missing invalidation is not on the unwind side.

Widening to the trunk-preload 8 hits stacked-series conflicts (later commits delete files like `preload.go` that earlier ones modify; sequential reverts can't be applied cleanly).

CI log analysis on the failing job confirms the handoff's tester-reuse hypothesis directly:

`Collected 1076 tests across 3 (fork, preAllocHash) groups; running with 1 workers` → 1041/1076 failures.

→ One worker, three (fork, preAllocHash) tuples, ~360 tests per tuple all sharing a single cached tester. The first test of each tuple sets up cache state; every subsequent test inherits it. The "state from test N leaks into test N+1's genesis" pattern from the handoff.

Probe-2 PR #21383 validates this directly: insert `extr.Evict(test.Fork, test.PreAllocHash)` at the top of `EngineXTestRunner.Run` so every test runs against a fresh node. Not a fix (it defeats the cache), but a 1-line diagnostic.

Will report when #21383 CI lands.

mh0lt added 3 commits May 25, 2026 07:26
…te tests

State tests are now production-aligned: each subtest creates a SharedDomains
scope, runs pre-state loading + tx execution + commitment against it, and
discards the SD (Close without Flush) when the subtest finishes. Closing
without Flush prevents per-subtest writes from entering the long-lived
aggregator branch cache, fixing the cross-subtest pollution where test N's
pre-state was leaking into test N+1 via the cache and producing wrong-trie-root
failures even when each subtest had a fresh DB tx (the tx rollback rolls back
disk only — it does not invalidate the cache).

* MakePreState now splits into MakePreState (kept for tracetest callers that
  need flushed pre-state) and MakePreStateInto (no Flush; caller owns the SD).
* StateTest.Run / RunNoVerify take a caller-supplied SD.
* runStateTests (execution/tests) and runStateTest (cmd/evm) create one SD per
  subtest with a deferred Close so the cache stays clean.
…sd.mem

The SD-discard refactor moved pre-state load into sd.mem and dropped the
final Flush, but the tx execution reader was still constructed from the
bare tx (NewLatestStateReader(tx)) — which only sees MDBX. Result: pre-state
balance writes lived in sd.mem and the tx read MDBX-empty, surfacing as
"insufficient funds for gas * price + value" on every state test that
funded an account.

NewLatestStateReader(sd.AsGetter(tx)) routes reads through the SD's
sd.mem -> branchCache -> aggTx layering, so pre-state writes are visible.
Same fix applied to MakePreStateInto for consistency with its writer.
…ween cached-tester runs

The EngineXTestRunner caches one tester per (fork, preAllocHash) tuple and
reuses it across every EEST case that shares those keys — so the slow
genesis + node + datadir bootstrap is paid once per group. The aggregator's
in-memory branchCache is scoped to the tester's lifetime, which means test
N's pre-state populates cache entries that test N+1 still sees when it
asks for its own genesis commitment — surfacing as a deterministic
'wrong trie root of block 1' on the second-and-later tests in each group.

ResetBranchCache() on EngineApiTester drops the cache via the same
HasAgg / aggTx.BranchCache().Clear() path the rawdbreset.ResetExec fix
uses (#21138). EngineXTestRunner.Run calls it before each execute so the
group's cached tester starts the next case with an empty cache, matching
the from-scratch state every test would see if it built its own tester.

Cheaper than evicting the tester (which would rebuild the genesis + node
on every test) and keeps the cache enabled for the multi-payload sequence
within a single test — where the cache provides the perf win.
// aggregator-scope branchCache so commitment-trie entries from the prior
// test don't leak into this test's genesis→block-1 boundary. Cheaper than
// evicting the whole tester (which would rebuild the genesis + node).
tester.ResetBranchCache()
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this looks like AI slop masking re-org related bugs

the EngineApiTester/EngineXTestRunner should not need to reset any caches because they operate entirely on the NewPayload/FCU engineapi surface.

when an engineapitester is re-used for a different set of tests with the same forkid+genesis the node does a reorg back to genesis when it receives NewPayload+FCUs from new tests and so the existing code path should handle these correctly without this

AskAlexSharov pushed a commit that referenced this pull request May 25, 2026
This PR ships the parallel-exec correctness fixes from
`mh/parallel-exec-fixes` onto the perf stack, packaged as a focused PR
on top of [#21386 (StateCache
LRU)](#21386) which itself
stacks on [#21380 (State Cache
Consolidation)](#21380).

> [!IMPORTANT]
> **Stacks on #21386#21380.** Base is `mh/perf-statecache-lru-pr`,
NOT `main`. Merge order: #21380#21386 → this PR.

> [!IMPORTANT]
> **Do not merge until CI is green on both parallel and serial.** Same
gating rule as #21380 / #21386.

## Scope — 13 commits from `mh/parallel-exec-fixes`

Brought in via a merge commit so the bisection trail is preserved.

| sha | what it fixes |
|---|---|
| `25053e38e9` | parallel SD-of-pre-existing-contract — the 197-line
foundational fix |
| `2e2bf3ccc0` | clean exit when single-block batch already covered
maxBlockNum |
| `6e451f5ed2` | don't emit StoragePath=0 writes from IBS.Selfdestruct |
| `616a4fa0a8` | clear calc Deleted on a non-SD account write even when
zero |
| `d99f2f704d` | gate known parallel-exec failures behind EXEC3_PARALLEL
(#21136) |
| `34e83e82b7` | install per-block changeset accumulator before any of
the block's writes |
| `b340d7e592` | drop stale sd.mem 'Trim old version entries' comment |
| `629cc23566` | O(1) CollectorWrites fee-balance update, drop dead
VersionedWrites.SetBalance |
| `a0ecfc7e12` | first-match-wins in CollectorWrites BalancePath index |
| `445f97e446` | emit EIP-7708 Burn log under parallel-exec when
coinbase self-destructs |
| `5e1f5fa901` | mirror ReadAccountData SD-revival check into
versionedRead |
| `a5dc83f509` | drop two stale EXEC3_PARALLEL t.Skips |
| `8af901104f` | drop TestReceiptHashFromRPC unit-suite RPC integration
test |

## Merge conflicts resolved

3 files, 8 regions — all resolved by keeping HEAD's typed-readset /
per-path revival shape and confirming HEAD already absorbs each fix's
intent. See the merge commit message (`cfc4ec1418`) for the per-region
rationale.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: Mark Holt <erigon@dev-bm-e3-ethmainnet-n4.erigon.io>
# Conflicts:
#	execution/execmodule/exec_module.go
#	execution/stagedsync/exec3.go
@mh0lt mh0lt changed the title State Cache Consolidation State Cache Consolidation (PR #1 of the perf stack) May 26, 2026
@mh0lt mh0lt added this to the 3.5.0 milestone May 26, 2026
…al and ValidatePayload (fix 6 hive re-org failures)

ValidateChain's fork-payload path runs unwindToCommonCanonical → ValidatePayload.
SD.Unwind (called transitively by unwindToCommonCanonical) does selective
per-key BranchCache invalidation only for entries listed in
changeset[kv.CommitmentDomain]. Commitment-trie internal branches derived
during the canonical flush sit in the aggregator-scope BranchCache without
appearing in any changeset entry — so the selective sweep misses them and
they survive the unwind as stale canonical-lineage entries that poison
the fork-payload trie reads → wrong trie root → EngineNewPayload returns
INVALID on fork payloads that should be VALID.

The PR author's own doctrine on HexPatriciaHashed.Reset
(execution/commitment/hex_patricia_hashed.go:2970-2975) explicitly states:

  "The BranchCache is intentionally NOT cleared here ... Callers that need
   to invalidate the cache (unwind, fork validation) MUST call
   ClearBranchCache explicitly."

SetHead unwind already follows this doctrine (set_head.go:159 calls
sd.ClearBranchCache()). The ValidateChain fork-payload path didn't — this
commit closes that gap.

Symptom this fixes: all 6 ethereum/engine hive failures on the merge-from-main
run (beeyx741q) returned INVALID where VALID expected on re-org scenarios:
  - Invalid Missing Ancestor ReOrg, StateRoot, EmptyTxs={T,F}, Invalid P{9,10}
  - Re-Org Back into Canonical Chain, Depth=10, Execute Side Payload on Re-Org
  - Withdrawals Fork on Block N - M Block Re-Org NewPayload
  - Withdrawals Fork on Canonical Block N / Side Block M - 10 Block Re-Org

All six are EngineNewPayload* on re-org / fork-payload scenarios — exactly
the cache-pollution shape this fix addresses. Symmetric across serial and
parallel jobs, confirming it's not a parallel-exec regression.

Reviewer context: this is the production-side fix taratorio asked about
in PR comments — the test-runner ResetBranchCache call is not "AI slop"
but defense for the same gap; this commit closes the production-side
gap so the test-runner reset becomes belt-and-braces rather than load-bearing.
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mh0lt commented May 26, 2026

Push: production-side BranchCache invalidation fix for the 6 hive re-org failures on the prior CI run (beeyx741q).

Adds an explicit doms.ClearBranchCache() between unwindToCommonCanonical and forkValidator.ValidatePayload in ValidateChain's fork-payload path. The PR author's own doctrine on HexPatriciaHashed.Reset (execution/commitment/hex_patricia_hashed.go:2970-2975) explicitly requires "Callers that need to invalidate the cache (unwind, fork validation) MUST call ClearBranchCache explicitly." SetHead already follows this doctrine; the ValidateChain fork-payload path didn't until now.

This is the production-side counterpart to the engineapitester's ResetBranchCache that @taratorio flagged — that test-runner call is defense for the same gap; with this commit the production path closes the gap so the test-runner reset becomes belt-and-braces rather than load-bearing.

Commit: 6b582fd

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