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#1395 is meant to introduce Toronto spaces, however it is inactive (@StevenClontz).

Toronto spaces & the Toronto problem are relatively well documented in the literature, so I think it is reasonable to add them. All important known properties (as far as I can see) can be found in
https://wrbrian.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/thetorontoproblem.pdf
also maybe see
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto_space

As stated in #1395 (and the link), under GCH we won't find T2 non-discrete Toronto spaces. Furthermore one can classify all non-T1 Toronto spaces (as some in the wordpress link). There might however still be interesting non-T2, T1 Toronto spaces.

I only added 3 trivial theorems so far. Adding the notion of upper and lower spaces would help eliminate many other spaces automatically, however I think this can be done at a later point. For now it would be nice to bring down the number of open, yet inactive PR's.

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prabau commented Dec 24, 2025

I like the branch name :-)

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This will possibly need a change in numeration of theorems, or some other PR will

@felixpernegger
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FYI I do think we should merge this eventually, but only after we find some theorems which automatically eliminate almost all spaces from being a Toronto space.

@prabau prabau mentioned this pull request Dec 27, 2025
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prabau commented Dec 27, 2025

To keep things tidy, the related #1395 that started this has been closed.
We need to make sure any useful comments and references from that PR is being used here if useful.

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prabau commented Dec 28, 2025

I have not reviewed any of this (yet), but at a high level why do we have so many theorems here (14 and counting)?

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I have not reviewed any of this (yet), but at a high level why do we have so many theorems here (14 and counting)?

Because the paper
https://wrbrian.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/thetorontoproblem.pdf
contains many of them, I just all took them. But I finished now

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There are some whihc can be deduced, I remove them now

@felixpernegger
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I have not reviewed any of this (yet), but at a high level why do we have so many theorems here (14 and counting)?

Because the paper https://wrbrian.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/thetorontoproblem.pdf contains many of them, I just all took them. But I finished now

On the hindsight, by adding all these theorems, the explorer now only gives 5 more t2 spaces for which toronto is unknown

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Moniker1998 commented Dec 28, 2025

@felixpernegger did you read the proofs of those theorems you are adding?

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not yet, will do tomorrow, I need to sleep now.

@felixpernegger felixpernegger marked this pull request as draft December 28, 2025 02:35
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A good news: T915 and T917 are in fact redundant, though the reasoning chain is very long.

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Redundant, can be removed.

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Redundant, can be removed.

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@yhx-12243 yhx-12243 Dec 28, 2025

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Redundant after adding (Toronto + T₂ ⇒ Scattered) and #1562.

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prabau commented Dec 28, 2025

@felixpernegger My usual rant, after bad experiences in the past :-)
These monster PR loaded with non-obvious theorems are really not the best way to do things. Reviewing these can be painful. Much better to do it in multiple PRs, a few pieces at a time. Limited but steady progress gets to the end more quickly and safely.

And note it's irrelevant if for a new property most spaces have it as an unknown trait. Nothing forces us to "complete" spaces at the same time. That will happen eventually.

felixpernegger and others added 2 commits December 28, 2025 11:07
Co-authored-by: yhx-12243 <yhx12243@gmail.com>
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One serious question is that, the original paper assume |𝑋| = ℵ₁. So we need to double check whether this result still holds without this condition.

At least I know some result (sequentially discrete, scattered) is holds for any T₂ Toronto space.

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felixpernegger commented Dec 28, 2025

@prabau if you prefer, I can split this up in 2-3 PR's

  1. Definition plus trivial examples (finite, cofinite, discrete, indicrete)

  2. Non T1 Toronto spaces

  3. Toronto + Hausdorff

I think 1) is pretty much ready, 2) if we double check the proof of the paper and 3) still needs some work (see yhx's comment)

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prabau commented Dec 28, 2025

@felixpernegger I think that would be useful. We can keep this as Draft for now to refer to, and then eventually close it.

For comparison, see the comments we made for #1486. Not exactly the same situation, but somewhat similar. And unfortunately, that PR is not going anywhere soon due to these problems.

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Ok I will do that.

But about that PR I want to add, that I think this was handed very poorly. The author is very talented but due to the response he got on the PR likely won't ever contribute again.

@felixpernegger felixpernegger changed the title New attempt at Toronto spaces Toronto spaces - roadmap Dec 28, 2025
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Screenshot from 2025-12-28 21-24-26 Completely unrelated but this is the longest deduction chain i have ever seen haha

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prabau commented Dec 28, 2025

But about that PR I want to add, that I think this was handed very poorly. The author is very talented but due to the response he got on the PR likely won't ever contribute again.

Yeah, it's unfortunate. We repeatedly told him not to do some things, but he kept going. Hope we'll be able to get back to his PR some day, once there is time to breathe with all the other PRs.

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I guess that S17 is Toronto will have to be added manually
Same with S19, S24 not being Toronto

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5 participants