docs: added canoncial README for 0014 leetcoded problem

algorithms/arrays/0014-longest-common-prefix/README.md

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+# 0014 - Longest Common Prefix
+
+## Problem
+
+Write a function to find the longest common prefix string amongst an array of strings.
+
+If there is no common prefix, return an empty string "".
+
+### Example 1:
+
+Input: `strs = ["flower","flow","flight"]`
+
+Output: `"fl"`
+
+### Example 2:
+
+Input: `strs = ["dog","racecar","car"]`
+
+Output: `""`
+
+Explanation: There is no common prefix among the input strings.
+
+### Constraints:
+
+`1 <= strs.length <= 200`
+
+`0 <= strs[i].length <= 200`
+
+`strs[i]` consists of only lowercase English letters if it is non-empty.