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Parsing a YAML document with yaml may throw a RangeError due to a stack overflow.
The node resolution/composition phase uses recursive function calls without a depth bound. An attacker who can supply YAML for parsing can trigger a RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded with a small payload (~2–10 KB). The RangeError is not a YAMLParseError, so applications that only catch YAML-specific errors will encounter an unexpected exception type. Depending on the host application's exception handling, this can fail requests or terminate the Node.js process.
Flow sequences allow deep nesting with minimal bytes (2 bytes per level: one [ and one ]). On the default Node.js stack, approximately 1,000–5,000 levels of nesting (2–10 KB input) exhaust the call stack. The exact threshold is environment-dependent (Node.js version, stack size, call stack depth at invocation).
Note: the library's Parser (CST phase) uses a stack-based iterative approach and is not affected. Only the compose/resolve phase uses actual call-stack recursion.
All three public parsing APIs are affected: YAML.parse(), YAML.parseDocument(), and YAML.parseAllDocuments().
PoC
constYAML=require('yaml');// ~10 KB payload: 5000 levels of nested flow sequencesconstpayload='['.repeat(5000)+'1'+']'.repeat(5000);try{YAML.parse(payload);}catch(e){console.log(e.constructor.name);// RangeError (NOT YAMLParseError)console.log(e.message);// Maximum call stack size exceeded}
Test environment: Node.js v24.12.0, macOS darwin arm64
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This PR contains the following updates:
2.7.1→2.8.3GitHub Vulnerability Alerts
CVE-2026-33532
Parsing a YAML document with
yamlmay throw a RangeError due to a stack overflow.The node resolution/composition phase uses recursive function calls without a depth bound. An attacker who can supply YAML for parsing can trigger a
RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceededwith a small payload (~2–10 KB). TheRangeErroris not aYAMLParseError, so applications that only catch YAML-specific errors will encounter an unexpected exception type. Depending on the host application's exception handling, this can fail requests or terminate the Node.js process.Flow sequences allow deep nesting with minimal bytes (2 bytes per level: one
[and one]). On the default Node.js stack, approximately 1,000–5,000 levels of nesting (2–10 KB input) exhaust the call stack. The exact threshold is environment-dependent (Node.js version, stack size, call stack depth at invocation).Note: the library's
Parser(CST phase) uses a stack-based iterative approach and is not affected. Only the compose/resolve phase uses actual call-stack recursion.All three public parsing APIs are affected:
YAML.parse(),YAML.parseDocument(), andYAML.parseAllDocuments().PoC
Test environment: Node.js v24.12.0, macOS darwin arm64
Depth threshold on yaml 2.8.2:
Severity
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:LRelease Notes
eemeli/yaml (yaml)
v2.8.3Compare Source
v2.8.2Compare Source
v2.8.1Compare Source
v2.8.0Compare Source
--mergeoption to CLI tool (#611)Configuration
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